低阻力弹力带抗阻训练在衰弱前期老年患者中的应用

Application of low-resistance elastic band resistance training in elderly patients with pre-frailty

目的探讨低阻力弹力带抗阻训练对衰弱前期老年患者的影响。方法本研究为前瞻性研究,采用方便抽样法选取2020年8月至2021年5月象山县第一人民医院医疗健康集团老年医院院区收治的119例衰弱前期老年患者为研究对象,按照入院时间的不同分为对照组60例,干预组59例,对照组采用常规护理方法,干预组在对照组基础上采用低阻力弹力带进行抗阻训练干预。干预时间为12周。分别采用FRAIL衰弱筛查量表、老年人运动功能评估量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表评估2组患者干预前后的衰弱、运动功能和睡眠质量,并进行统计学比较。结果2组患者干预前衰弱、运动功能和睡眠质量比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。干预组患者干预后衰弱评分为(0.83±0.38)分,低于对照组的(1.05±0.43)分,差异有统计学意义(t=2.93,P<0.01);干预组患者干预后运动功能总分及社会活动、移动困难、日常照护、身体疼痛4个维度评分分别为(49.36±4.68)、(21.85±3.71)、(10.31±1.65)、(9.93±1.80)、(7.27±1.65)分,低于对照组的(53.67±5.20)、(23.45±3.62)、(11.10±1.81)、(11.00±1.88)、(8.12±1.65)分,差异均有统计学意义(t值为2.38~4.75,均P<0.05);干预组患者干预后睡眠质量总分及睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠时间、睡眠效率、睡眠障碍、催眠药物使用、日间功能障碍7个维度评分分别为(6.54±1.79)、(1.02±0.75)、(0.95±0.63)、(0.95±0.65)、(0.80±0.41)、(1.29±0.62)、(0.53±0.50)、(1.02±0.75)分,低于对照组的(8.92±1.44)、(1.38±0.74)、(1.40±0.56)、(1.37±0.55)、(0.93±0.31)、(1.58±0.53)、(0.72±0.45)、(1.53±0.79)分,差异均有统计学意义(t值为2.06~7.97,均P<0.05)。结论对衰弱前期老年患者实施低阻力弹力带抗阻训练,能降低患者的衰弱状况,改善运动功能与睡眠质量,具有一定的临床推广价值。

Objective To investigate the effect of low-resistance elastic band resistance training on elderly patients with pre-frailty.Methods This was a prospective research.A total of 119 elderly patients with pre-frailty admitted to the Geriatric Hospital of Medical Health Group of First People′s Hospital of Xiangshan County from August 2020 to May 2021 were selected as the research objects by simple sampling method,and divided into the control group of 60 cases and the intervention group of 59 cases according to the time of admission,and the control group received routine nursing methods,the intervention group used low-resistance elastic bands for resistance training intervention on the basis of the control group.The intervention time was 12 weeks.Frail Asthenia Screening Scale,Motor Function Evaluation Scale for the Elderly and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale were used to evaluate the asthenia,motor function and sleep quality of the two groups before and after the intervention,and statistical comparison was made.Results There was no significant difference in the asthenia,motor function and sleep quality between the two groups before the intervention(P>0.05).The asthenia score after the intervention in the intervention group was(0.83±0.38)points,which was lower than that in the control group(1.05±0.43)points,and the difference was statistically significant(t=2.93,P<0.01).The total score of motor function,social activity,mobility difficulty,daily care and physical pain after the intervention in the intervention group were(49.36±4.68),(21.85±3.71),(10.31±1.65),(9.93±1.80),(7.27±1.65)points,respectively,which were lower than those in the control group(53.67±5.20),(23.45±3.62),(11.10±1.81),(11.00±1.88),(8.12±1.65)points,the differences were statistically significant(t values were 2.38-4.75,all P<0.05).The total score of sleep quality and the scores of sleep quality,sleep latency,sleep time,sleep efficiency,sleep disorder,hypnotic drug use and daytime functional disorder after the intervention in the intervention group were(6.54±1.79),(1.02±0.75)(0.95±0.63),(0.95±0.65),(0.80±0.41),(1.29±0.62),(0.53±0.50),(1.02±0.75)points,respectively,which were lower than those in the control group(8.92±1.44),(1.38±0.74),(1.40±0.56),(1.37±0.55),(0.93±0.31),(1.58±0.53),(0.72±0.45),(1.53±0.79)points,the differences were statistically significant(t values were 2.06-7.97,all P<0.05).Conclusions The implementation of low-resistance elastic band resistance training in elderly patients with pre-frailty can reduce the patient′s frail status,improve motor function and sleep quality,and has a certain clinical value.