嗜酸细胞性胃肠道疾病的发病机制研究进展

Progress in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases

嗜酸细胞性胃肠道疾病是指反复或持续存在胃肠道症状,伴有消化道黏膜内嗜酸性粒细胞病理性升高的一组疾病。病理学特征性表现为胃肠道黏膜内嗜酸性粒细胞数量增多,嗜酸细胞性食管炎患者食道黏膜固有层可见纤维化。趋化嗜酸性粒细胞聚集的细胞因子有多种,包括Th2细胞因子、嗜酸细胞趋化因子、胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素、巨噬细胞移动抑制因子、唾液酸结合免疫球蛋白样凝集素、整合素和细胞外基质蛋白。嗜酸细胞性胃肠道疾病的肠道组织损伤可能与嗜酸性粒细胞脱颗粒分泌特异性产物、炎症反应及氧化损伤、纤维化和组织重塑以及屏障功能受损有关。

Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases are a group of diseases with repeated or persistent gastrointestinal symptoms and the increase of eosinophils in gastrointestinal mucosa.Pathology shows an increase in the number of eosinophils in gastrointestinal mucosa.Fibrosis can be seen in the lamina propria of esophageal mucosa in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis.A variety of cytokines may be chemotactic to the aggregation of eosinophils,including Th2 cytokines,eotaxin,thymic stromal lymphopoietin,macrophage migration inhibitory factor,sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin,integrin and extracellular matrix protein.The intestinal tissue injury of eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases may be related to eosinophil degranulation and secretion of specific products,inflammatory response,oxidative damage,fibrosis,tissue remodeling and impaired barrier function.