铍铜合金铣削过程刀具黏附现象对切削颤振影响分析

Analysis of the Effect of Tool Adhesion on Processing Stability in the Milling Process of Beryllium Copper Alloy

为了满足高精密铍铜件表面的加工要求,研究刀具表面黏附过程对切削系统和已加工表面的影响,有利于提高加工质量和加工效率。通过建立二自由度切削颤振系统,结合工件材料特性、黏结过程和断续切削过程,采用单因素高速铣削实验方法,解析刀具损伤、切削颤振和已加工表面的内在联系,并通过电镜扫描和白光干涉对刀具表面和已加工表面进行对比分析。切削速度和黏附程度的差异性,极大地影响了切削过程的稳定性,导致已加工表面缺陷的产生。不同黏附环境往往导致了不同的切削状态,尤其是高黏附率环境下的刀具表面黏附有利于维持切削刃形态和减缓加工颤振现象。

To cope with the machining requirements of high-precision beryllium copper parts,analyzing the influence of tool surface adhesive process on cutting system and machined surface is beneficial to improve the processing quality and efficiency.A two-degree-of-freedom(TDOF)cutting chatter system was established.Combining the characteristics of the workpiece material,adhesive process and interrupted cutting process,single-factor cutting test method was used to analyze the internal relationship between tool damage,cutting chatter and the machined surface.In addition,tool surface and machined surface were compared and classified through scanning electron microscope and white light interference.As a result,the difference in cutting speed and adhesive degree greatly affects the stability of the cutting process,leading to a poor surface finish.Different adhesive environment results in diverse cutting state,especially,the high adhesion rate environment is conducive to maintain the shape of cutting edge and improve the processstability.