汽车油冷管振动特性及结构优化

Vibration Characteristics and Structure Optimization of Automobile Oil Cooling Pipe

汽车管路的振动是由车身的振动环境所引起的,持续的动态载荷会导致管路系统局部振动失效。要确保汽车安全行驶,控制管路系统的振动至关重要。为解决某汽车油冷管在运行中发生的泄漏失效问题,基于管路系统建立三维模型,通过ANSYS有限元软件对管路系统进行频率响应分析和疲劳分析,计算出它的固有频率和累计损伤。结果表明:管路的疲劳寿命与设计寿命要求不符,模拟显示的危险薄弱点与实际开裂泄漏失效位置相近。通过调节管路壁厚、增加固定支撑点、改变管路走向等方式对管路系统进行结构优化,优化后的管路持续振动68 h未发生泄漏故障。

The vibration of automobile pipeline is caused by the vibration environment of automobile body.Continuous dynamic load will lead to local vibration failure of the pipeline system.It is very important to control vibration of pipeline system to ensure safe running of automobile.In order to solve the leakage failure of an automobile oil-cooled pipe in operation,a 3D model was established based on the pipeline system,frequency response analysis and fatigue analysis of the pipeline system were carried out by ANSYS software,and its natural frequency and cumulative damage were calculated.The results show that the fatigue life of the pipeline does not accord with the design life requirements,and the dangerous weak point shown by the simulation is close to the actual cracking and leaking failure position.The structure of the pipeline system was optimized by adjusting the thickness of the pipeline wall,increasing the fixed support points and changing the direction of the pipeline.The optimized pipeline structure continues to vibrate for 68 h without leakage failure.