角膜知觉重建治疗神经营养性角膜病变的研究进展

Advancements in corneal sensory reconstruction for the treatment of neurotrophic keratopathy

神经营养性角膜病是由三叉神经损伤导致的角膜退行性疾病,表现为角膜上皮持续性缺损、角膜溃疡甚至穿孔,角膜神经功能的丧失是该疾病的主要病因。传统的治疗方法以角膜损伤修复的支持性治疗为主,难以完全治愈该病。角膜知觉重建手术是一种新的治疗方式,可重建角膜神经,抑制角膜病变的进展,促进角膜上皮修复和视力恢复。本综述总结了角膜知觉重建所使用的手术方法,包括直接神经转位和间接神经移植,并讨论了该方法的治疗效果和应用前景。

Neurotrophic corneal disease is a degenerative eye condition that occurs due to damage to the trigeminal nerve.This condition presents as a persistent corneal epithelial defect,corneal ulceration,or even perforation,and the main cause is a loss of corneal nerve function.While traditional treatments mainly focus on supportive measures to repair corneal damage,they cannot cure the condition completely.A new surgical treatment option called corneal sensory reconstruction surgery can rebuild the corneal nerve,slow down the progression of the corneal disease,promote corneal epithelial repair,and improve vision.This article reviews the surgical techniques used in corneal sensory reconstruction,including direct nerve repositioning and indirect nerve transplantation,and discusses their treatment outcomes and future prospects.