绿色路径C-N偶联合成尿素的最新研究进展

Recent Advances in Green C-N Coupling for Urea Synthesis

化学品的工业合成通常在高能耗的条件下进行,加剧了能源危机和环境问题.在可再生电力或/和太阳能的驱动下,可以降低反应的能量屏障,从而在更温和的条件下实现化学品的高效绿色合成.二氧化碳和氮作为主要的小分子,可通过电催化合成各种含碳和氮的燃料,在缓解环境问题的同时降低能源枯竭的压力,达到高效储能的目的.本文综合评述了N_(2)和CO_(2)电化学转化的最新研究进展,重点关注了反应条件的改进、反应路线的调整及催化机理的研究.最后,对C-N电催化耦合目前面临的挑战和未来发展进行了展望.为进一步开发N_(2)和CO_(2)的电化学转化提供了指导.

The industrial synthesis of chemicals usually operates under harsh conditions with high energy consumption,aggravating energy crisis and environmental concerns.Driven by renewable electricity or/and solar energy,the energy barrier of the reaction could be reduced to achieve the efficient and green synthesis of chemicals under milder conditions.As the main small molecules,carbon dioxide and nitrogen can be used to synthesize various carbon and nitrogen-containing fuels through electrocatalysis,which can alleviate environmental problems while reducing the pressure of energy depletion and achieve the purpose of efficient energy storage.This paper briefly summarizes the recent advances in electrochemical conversion of N_(2)and CO_(2),focusing on the improvement of reaction conditions,the adjustment of reaction route,and the investigation of catalytic mechanism.The current challenges and future development for electrocatalytic coupling of C-N are prospected.This mini-review provides a useful guidance for further developing electrochemical conversion of N_(2)and CO_(2).