高温聚合物电解质膜燃料电池催化剂的研究进展

Recent Progress of Catalysts in the High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

高温聚合物电解质膜燃料电池(HT-PEMFCs)是一类将化学能转换为电能的能量转换装置,与传统的低温聚合物膜燃料电池相比具有诸多优势.目前HT-PEMFCs主要是以铂作为催化剂.铂基催化剂对于燃料电池氧还原反应(ORR)和氢氧化反应(HOR)有好的催化活性,但在HT-PEMFCs中通常需要高载量的铂基催化剂,以缓解磷酸在铂表面强吸附对活性表达的限制,其存在成本高、活性不足、长时间运行下活性降低及载体腐蚀等问题.本文总结了最近关于HT-PEMFCs催化剂的研究进展,系统分析了贵金属、非贵金属催化剂在HTPEMFCs中的应用前景,并对现阶段HT-PEMFCs催化剂的发展应用进行了展望.

High temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells(HT-PEMFCs)are one form of energy conversion device which have many advantages compared with traditional low temperature PEMFCs.The catalysts in HT-PEMFCs are mainly Pt-based catalysts which have good catalytic activity to the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and hydrogen oxidation reaction(HOR).A high loading amount of Pt is used to alleviate the negative effect on activity expression caused by strong absorption of PA on the Pt surface.And Pt catalysts suffer from the issue of inadequate activity,activity loss during long term operation,high cost and support corrosion under harsh conditions.In this review,we summarize recent studies about catalysts in HT-PEMFCs and systematically analyze the further application of precious and non-precious metal catalysts.Furthermore,we give our perspectives about the problems that the catalysts in HT-PEMFCs currently have.