农村老年人自养秩序:主观意愿、现实条件与实践样态

Autotrophic Order of Rural Elderly:Subjective Intention,Realistic Conditions and Practical Patterns

理解中国农村老龄化问题不仅要关注农村人口年龄结构,还应注重分析农村基本养老秩序及其运行实态。当前,农村老年人自养秩序是代际关系和家庭发展逻辑、村庄经济社会关系和国家社会保障体系共同作用的结果。积极肯定农村老年人的自养效应,并不是解构农村养老问题,更不是认为农村老年人应当长期停留在自养状态,而是要反思新时期应对农村老龄化趋势的基本路径。在相当长的历史时期内,老年人自养依然是农村养老的基本秩序。国家养老资源投入应着力提升老年人的自养能力及水平,防止资源配置错位和偏差。

To understand the aging problem in rural China,we should not only pay attention to the age structure of rural population,but also pay attention to the analysis of rural basic old-age order and its operating state.At present,autotrophic order for the elderly in rural areas is the result of intergenerational relations,family development logic,village economic and social relations and national social security system.Positively affirming autotrophic effect of the rural elderly does not mean deconstructing therural old-age care problem,nor does it mean that the rural elderly should stay in the autotrophic state for a long time,but reflects on the basic path to cope with the trend of rural aging in the new era.In a long historical period,autotrophic of the elderly is still the basic order of rural old-age care.The national endowment resource investment should focus on improving the autotrophic ability and level of the elderly to prevent the misallocation and deviation of resources.