公共服务满意度对社会公平感的影响研究——基于代际差异视角的研究

The research on the impact of public service satisfaction on social equality An empirical study based on the perspective of generational differences

加强政府公共服务建设,提升公众的公共服务满意度,对提高社会公平感具有重要作用。采用2013年、2015年中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据,根据出生年份将样本划分为50后~90后五个代群,通过回归系数测算以及多层序次logistics模型,从代际差异视角实证考察公共服务满意度对社会公平感的影响。研究发现:(1)公共服务满意度对社会公平感具有显著的正相关性,但不同代群之间对社会公平感的影响存在代际差异;(2)公共服务满意度可通过充足性、均衡性以及普惠性这三个整体指标路径对社会公平感产生影响,其中50后、80后群体提升社会公平感的关键整体指标为充足性;60后、70后以及90后,通过普惠性实现社会公平感最佳水平;均衡性显著提升社会公平感,在五个代群之间都得到体现;(3)50后~90后群体在遭受健康冲击的情况下社会公平感会被抑制,尤其是对60后~80后群体的影响最为显著。

Improving government public services and satisfaction with public services can lead to increase the sense of social equality.In this paper,by using the data from China General Social Survey(CGSS)in 2013 as well as 2015,we divided samples into five generation groups in accordance with the birth of year:from post-50s to post-90s.We develop a multi-layers ordered logistics regression model and calculate regression coefficients to examine the influence between public service satisfaction and the sense of social equality from the perspective of generational differences.The results show that:(1)A significant positive correlation is found between public service satisfaction and the sense of social equality,and there exists generational differences between different groups.(2)Through overall index paths of sufficiency,equilibrium and inclusiveness,public service satisfaction can produce a effect on the sense of social equality.The key overall indicator to enhance the sense of social equality relies on sufficiency for the post-50s and post-80s groups.Meanwhile post-60s,post-70s and post-90s achieve their optimum level of social equality by feeling inclusiveness about public service.Equilibrium significantly increases the sense of social equality in five generation groups.(3)There has a restraining effect on the sense of social equality in post-50-90s groups when they are subjected to health shocks,especially for the post-60-80s groups.