圈养梅花鹿肠道菌群组成的性别差异

Gender Differences in Intestinal Microbiota Composition of Captive Sika Deer

为探究圈养梅花鹿(Cervus nippon)肠道菌群的结构、多样性以及肠道菌群组成的性别差异,利用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序平台对10只圈养健康梅花鹿粪便中的细菌16S rRNA V3—V4区扩增子进行PCR扩增,采用生物信息学手段以性别作为分组因素,分析雄、雌圈养梅花鹿肠道菌群的结构、多样性和差异物种。结果显示:在门水平上,圈养梅花鹿肠道菌群的优势菌门为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes;雄性61.69%,雌性58.23%)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes;雄性27.40%,雌性31.19%);在属水平上,优势菌属为拟杆菌属(Bacteroides;雄性4.60%,雌性6.13%)和梭菌属(Clostridium_IV;雄性3.42%,雌性3.25%)。雄、雌圈养梅花鹿肠道菌群的α多样性无显著差异(p>0.05)。β多样性分析表明,不同性别梅花鹿的肠道菌群组成相似度较高,且组间不存在显著差异(p>0.05)。STAMP和LEfSe分析表明,雌性圈养梅花鹿中起重要作用的菌群为拟杆菌门(LDA值>4,p<0.05)。研究表明,圈养梅花鹿肠道菌群结构及多样性性别间无显著差异,但雄、雌梅花鹿肠道中个别菌门、菌属的分布存在一定差异,拟杆菌门受宿主性别影响较大。

To investigate the gender difference in structure,composition and diversity of intestinal microbiota in captive sika deer(Cervus nippon),16S rRNA V3-V4 region amplicons in the feces of 10 captive healthy sika deer were amplified by PCR using the Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform.The structure,diversity,and different species of the intestinal microbiota of male and female captive sika deer were analyzed by bioinformatics method,with gender as a grouping factor.The results showed that at the phylum level,the dominant phyla of intestinal microbiota of captive sika deer were Firmicutes(61.69%in males and 58.23%in females)and Bacteroidetes(27.40%in males and 31.19%in females).At the genus level,the dominant genera were Bacteroides(4.60%in males and 6.13%in females)and Clostridium_IV(3.42%in males and 3.25%in females).There was no significant difference in alpha diversity of male and female captive sika deer(p>0.05).Beta diversity analysis showed that the composition of sika deer microbiota of different genders was similar,and there was no significant difference between groups(p>0.05).STAMP and LEfSe analysis showed that Bacte⁃roidetes played an important role in female captive sika deer(LDA value>4,p<0.05).This study reveals that there is no significant gender induced difference in the structure and diversity of intestinal microbiota in captive sika deer.However,the distribution of individual bacteria phyla and genera in the intestine of male and female sika deer are different,and Bacte⁃roidetes are greatly differed by gender of the host.