激光选区熔化成形零件结构设计与分析

Structural Design and Analysis of Selective Laser Melting Forming Parts

激光选区熔化成形技术作为一种近净成形的增材制造技术,可实现复杂结构零部件高精度成形。为此,结合激光选区熔化实际应用中发现的问题,总结了激光选区熔化成形工艺的零部件设计准则,包括变形、粉料去除、支撑去除、扫描策略、设备加工能力、加工余量等,同时,结合实际应用情况,进一步分析了应力收缩线形成机理及常规应力分布规律。该研究为设计人员进行零部件设计、模型优化提供了依据。

As the most desirable technology of additive manufacturing,selective laser melting is capable to fabricate sophisticated structures with highprecision,however,absence of standards in design for additive manufacturing leads to disadvantages in batch production.As a result,this paper summarizes a few design criteria for parts built by selective laser melting,including deformation control,redundant powder discharge,support detachment,scanning strategy,equipment processing capability,machining allowances,etc.In addition,stress shrinkage and regular stress distribution during parts building are discussed in details.This research provides a basis for designers to design parts and optimize models.