川西高原山区公路典型灾害原因分析及防灾措施

Analysis of Typical Disaster Causes and Prevention Measures for Highways in Mountainous Areas of the Western Sichuan Plateau

为了研究高原山区公路沿线典型地质灾害的致灾原因,以2016年—2020年四川省甘孜、阿坝、凉山等高原山区公路典型灾害为研究对象,对比分析了不同灾害与公路断道的关系,得出了该地区典型灾害发生频率由高至低为洪水水毁、崩塌、泥石流、滑坡,断道风险由高至低为泥石流、崩塌、滑坡、洪水水毁的结论,并揭示了高原山区地形地貌高原山区地形地貌、地质、地震及次生地质灾害提供的物源条件与降雨耦合是诱发公路典型灾害的主因,且断道多发生在雨季5月—9月,灾害频繁爆发时段较雨季延迟。基于此分析,从灾害防治、防治管理及监测预警等方面提出了高原山区公路防灾措施。

In order to study the causes of typical geological disasters along highways in plateau mountainous areas,the typical disasters of the plateau mountain highways in Ganzi,Aba and Liangshan in Sichuan Province from 2016 to 2020 were taken as the research object.The relationship between different disasters and highway faults is compared and analyzed.The conclusion is drawn that the occurrence frequency of typical disasters is flood water damage,collapse,debris flow and landslide from high to low,and the highway fault risk is mudslide,collapse,landslide and flood water damage from high to low.It is revealed that the coupling of provenance and rainfall provided by topography,geology,earthquake and secondary geological disasters in plateau mountainous areas is the main reason for inducing typical highway disasters.Disasters lead to highway faults mostly in the rainy season from May to September.The frequent occurrence of disasters is delayed compared with the rainy season.The disaster prevention measures for highways in plateau mountainous areas are put forward from the aspects of disaster prevention,prevention and management,monitoring and early warning.