党的组织法规视域下民主集中制的理论基础与内涵逻辑研究

Research on Theoretical Basis and Connotation Logic of Democratic Centralism from the Perspective of CPC Organizational Regulations

作为党的根本组织原则的民主集中制,对其进行党内法规学研究需要遵循党章文本蕴含的历史规律和重视党的各级各类组织运行的实践环境,追求理论逻辑、规范逻辑与实践逻辑的统一。对民主集中制的组织法规文本与制度实践进行梳理,可以发现其包括“集中有效执行党内民主、统一全党思想行动”和“民主有效制约集中、激发全党创造活力”两重理论基础,其背后是马克思主义建党学说中关于民主与集中的辩证关系论,在当代中国共产党的组织制度建设中则发展为对党内民主正当性与集中领导有效性双重追求的实践逻辑。为此,民主集中制在党的组织法规制度体系中的内涵逻辑展现为侧重实现民主正当性的设立规范、实现组织运行有效性的活动规范和实现监督制约的保障规范,从而形成一个完整的党的组织法规制度体系。

To study democratic centralism as the fundamental organizational principle of the CPC from the perspective of the party rules,one must follow the regulations of history contained in the text of the Party Constitution and the practical environment in which they operate,pursing the unity of theoretical,normative and practical logic. A review of the text of organizational regulations and institutional practice of democratic centralism shows that they have the twofold theoretical connotations of“Centrally and effectively implement inner-party democracy to unify the whole Party”and“democracy effectively restricts centralism to stimulate the creative vitality ”. Behind it is the dialectical relationship between democracy and centralism in Marxist Party building theory. This view has developed into the logic of practice of contemporary CPC,becoming the pursuit of both the legitimacy of inner-party democracy and the effectiveness of centralized leadership. In order to achieve these two goals,the connotation logic of democratic centralism is embodied in the Party's organizational regulations as the establishment norms of democratic legitimacy,the activity norms of organizational operation effectiveness,and the guarantee norms of supervision and restriction,so as to develop a complete system of organizational rules of the CPC.