折叠小型化超宽带单锥天线设计

Design of a folding miniaturized ultra⁃wideband single⁃cone antenna

利用折叠法和镜像法设计了一款具有全向辐射特性的小型化超宽带单锥天线。天线辐射单元通过折叠技术实现了天线的小型化,通过镜像法和末端加载实现了天线的低剖面。在天线周围加载圆柱形套筒,通过改善天线在高频处的阻抗匹配,进一步拓展天线的带宽。在保证天线低剖面的同时,与传统的单锥天线相比,文中提出的天线金属地板尺寸较小,仅为0.236λmin,具有较好的工程应用前景。天线实现了在1~7.65 GHz的频率范围内,VSWR<2,实现了153.8%的阻抗带宽。天线在频带范围内最大增益为6 dBi,不圆度小于2 dB。天线的整体物理尺寸为30 mm×30 mm×30 mm,对应的低频电尺寸为0.1λmin×0.1λmin×0.1λmin。加工了样机进行测试,测试结果和仿真结果吻合度较好,验证了设计的可靠性和有效性。这种低剖面、超宽带的全向天线可以作为室内基站天线、无人机机载天线等,具有广泛的应用场景。

A miniaturization ultra⁃wideband single⁃cone antenna with omnidirectional radiation characteristic is designed by means of folding method and image method.The antenna radiation unit is miniaturized by folding technology,and the low⁃profile of the antenna is achieved by image method and final loading.The cylindrical sleeves are loaded around the antenna to further expand the bandwidth of the antenna by improving the impedance matching of the antenna at highfrequency area.In comparison with other traditional single⁃cone antenna,the mental baseboard of the antenna proposed in this paper is smaller(0.236λmin),which has better engineering application prospect.The impedance bandwidth of about 153.8%is achieved in the range of 1~7.65 GHz(VSWR˂2).The maximum gain of the antenna in the frequency band is 6 dBi,and its out⁃of⁃roundness is less than 2 dB.The overall size of the antenna is 30 mm×30 mm×30 mm,and the LF electrical size is 0.1λmin×0.1λmin×0.1λmin,whereλmin is the minimum operating wavelength.The prototype was tested.The test result has goodness fit with the simulation result,which verifies the reliability and validity of the design.The antenna can be used as indoor base station antenna and UAV antenna.