某高寒高海拔铜矿采矿方法优化与应用

Optimization and Application of Mining Method for a High-cold and High-altitude Copper Mine

某高寒高海拔铜矿属分群展布、大致平行产出的急倾斜薄至中厚矿体,自投产以来采用分段空场嗣后充填法以及浅孔留矿嗣后充填法进行开采,所设计方案上下盘围岩暴露面积大、对矿体形态变化适应性差、合采矿脉间的夹石无法剔除、采场布置和回采顺序的灵活性差、胶结充填成本高,难以满足矿山生产能力的要求。通过综合研究矿山开采技术条件及生产现状,确定采用机械化盘区上向进路充填法开采,并使用大型无轨设备进行采掘作业。经对比,优化后的开采方案生产能力、回采率、机械化程度均得到了提高,采场安全性得到加强,采矿工艺对矿体的适应性增强,贫化率大幅度降低,并极大地减少了胶结充填的比例。主要经济技术指标为盘区生产能力提高6.16%,综合回采率提高13.78%,综合贫化率降低72.91%。

A high-cold high-altitude copper mine is a steeply inclined thin to medium-thick ore body distributed in groups and produced roughly in parallel.Since it was put into production,it has been mined by sublevel open stoping subsequent filling method and shallow hole shrinkage subsequent filling method.The designed scheme has large exposed area of hanging wall and footwall surrounding rock,poor adaptability to the change of ore body shape,unremovable stone between combined mining veins,poor flexibility of stope layout and stoping sequence,and high cost of cemented filling,so it is difficult to meet the requirements of mine production capacity.Through comprehensive study of mining technical conditions and production status,it is determined to adopt mechanized panel upward drift filling mining method and use large trackless equipment for mining operations.By comparison,the production capacity,recovery rate and mechanization degree of the optimized mining scheme are improved,the safety of stope is strengthened,the adaptability of mining technology to ore body is enhanced,the dilution rate is greatly reduced,and the proportion of cemented filling is greatly reduced.The main economic and technical indicators are the production capacity of the disk area increased by 6.16%,the comprehensive recovery rate increased by 13.78%,and the comprehensive dilution rate decreased by 72.91%.