绿色贸易发展:国际格局、中国趋势和未来方向

Green Trade Development: International Pattern,China's Trend and Future Direction

应对气候变化、推进低碳发展已成为国际共识,发展绿色贸易是实现可持续发展、推动经济低碳转型的必然要求。当前,绿色贸易在国际贸易中占比相对稳定,呈现中欧美三足鼎立、环保科技类产品为主的贸易格局。中国绿色贸易表现出规模持续扩大、进出口市场趋向多元化、区域发展差异明显等特点。后疫情时代,绿色复苏已成为全球共识,碳定价作为实现减排目标的重要政策工具被广泛应用,国际低碳规则主导权争夺日益激烈。未来,可通过设立“国家绿色贸易发展示范区”、科学制定绿色低碳产品进出口货物目录、加强绿色贸易主体培育、打造绿色贸易发展平台、深化低碳领域国际合作等路径重塑绿色贸易发展新格局。

Responding to climate change and promoting low-carbon development has become an international consensus,and developing green trade is a necessary requirement for achieving sustainable development and promoting low-carbon economic transformation.At present,green trade accounts for a relatively stable proportion of global trade,with China,the EU,and the United States ranking among the top,and environmentally-friendly technology products taking the lead.China's green trade presents characteristics such as continuous growth in scale,diversification of import and export markets,and imbalanced regional development.In the post-pandemic era,green recovery has become a global consensus.Carbon pricing has been widely used as an important policy tool to achieve emission reduction goals,and the competition for dominance of international low-carbon rules is becoming increasingly fierce.In the future,it is possible to reshape the new pattern of green trade development by establishing“National Green Trade Development Demonstration Zones”,scientifically formulating the“Catalogue of Import and Export Goods of Green and Low-Carbon Products”,strengthening the cultivation of green trade entities,building green trade platforms,and strengthening international cooperation in the field of low-carbon.