从文献文本比较看明清汉语“把/将”字处置式特性

Explore the Characteristics of Ba(把)/Jiang(将)Disposal Construction in the Ming-Qing Dynasties by Literature Text Comparison

本文通过汉语文献多文本之间的关联与比较,进一步审视了明清时期的“把/将”字处置式使用情况。比较发现:相对于“SVO”语序的句子,“S把OV”句式只是近代汉语常用句式中的一小部分;与南方文献比较,北方文献更倾向于使用“S把OV”句,清代北方话还会多用“S把O给V”句;与“将”字句的典雅语体色彩不同,“把”字句更口语化。一部作品的语言风格和地域特色,可以借助“把/将”字处置式的使用情况来辅助判定。

Through the multi-text correlation and comparison of Chinese literature,this study further examines"Ba(把)/Jiang(将)"disposal construction in the Ming-Qing dynasties.Several findings after comparison are listed below.Relative to SVO sentences,"S-Ba(把)-Ov"is just a small part of common patterns.Compared to southern documents,northern literatures tend to use"S-Ba(把)-OV"/"S-Ba(把)-O-Gei(给)-V".In contrast with the graceful stylistic of the Jiang(将)-construction,Ba(把)-construction is more colloquial.The language style and regional features of a work can be revealed via the usage of Ba(把)/Jiang(将)-construction.