从桌面实验到欧洲核子研究中心——实验设备发展下的科研活动与实验空间演进

From Desktop Experiments to European Organization for Nuclear Research:Research Space Under the Influence of Scientific Activities

实验室作为知识生产的物理载体发挥着重要作用。本文以实验设备与工具的发展演化为线索,以科研实验空间为研究对象,结合相关文献与具体案例,探讨了历史上不同时期的科研活动特点以及与之相对应的科研空间特征。研究发现,历史上科研活动的发展是一个由精英走向大众,从封闭走向开放的过程。作为知识生产的场所,不断演变的科研实验建筑既是科学发展的积极推动者,又是技术革新的见证者,在功能组织与形态尺度等方面呈现出由松散到集约的专业化趋势。

The laboratory plays an important role as a physical carrier of knowledge production.This article takes the development and evolution of experimental equipment and tools as the main thread,focuses on research spaces for scientific experiments,and combines relevant literature and specific cases to explore the characteristics of scientific research activities and corresponding research space features in different periods of history.The study found that the development of scientific research activities in history is a process from elites to the general public and from closed to open.As a place for knowledge production,the constantly evolving research laboratory building is not only a positive promoter of scientific development but also a witness to technological innovation,showing a trend of professionalization from loose to intensive in terms of functional organization and form scale.