溶剂热法制备金属酞菁晶体的研究进展

Research Progress of Metal Phthalocyanine Crystals Synthesized by Solvothermal Method

金属酞菁是一类以异吲哚为组成单元的人工合成的平面大环配合物,它们不仅是高品质的颜料和染料,也是太阳能电池、液晶材料、信息存储、环境催化等领域的新兴材料。传统的金属酞菁制备往往需要高沸点溶剂的回流反应以及使用浓硫酸纯化产物,普遍存在毒性高、效率低、耗时长等缺点。从绿色化学的发展和新型金属酞菁材料的制备要求来看,采用环境友好、成本低廉、易于操作的新方法制备与纯化金属酞菁是未来的发展趋势。本文综述了溶剂热法一步制备金属酞菁晶体的研究进展,总结了能够通过该方法制备的金属酞菁晶体种类及其相应的反应条件和产物结构,综合评价了该方法的技术优势,并对应用溶剂热法制备的金属酞菁晶体的未来发展进行了展望。

Metal phthalocyanine is a class of synthetic planar macrocyclic complex with isoindoles as component unit.They are not only used as high-quality pigments or dyes,but also as novel materials in the fields of solar cells,liquid crystal materials,information storage,environmental catalysis and so on.For traditional preparation of metal phthalocyanine,the reflux reactions with high boiling point solvent were often required and the concentrated sulfuric acid was also used to purify the products.Therefore,the obvious disadvantages of these traditional methods are low efficiency and environmentally unfriendly for their dependence on the high toxicity solvents.From the perspective of the development of green chemistry and preparation requirements of novel metal phthalocyanine materials,the future development trend of metal phthalocyanine synthesis is the one via green processes with the characteristics of environmentally friendly,low cost and facile purification.The research progress of metal phthalocyanine crystals synthesized by one-step solvothermal method were reviewed,and their experimental conditions,and product structures were summarized in detail.Besides,the advantages of this method were evaluated.The future development of metal phthalocyanine crystals synthesized by solvothermal method was predicted.