泉州地区奥密克戎毒株感染病例的临床特征和帕昔洛韦的疗效观察

Clinical Characteristics of Omicron Strains in Quanzhou Area and Observation of the Efficacy of Paxlovid

目的 分析奥密克戎毒株的流行特征和帕昔洛韦在福建省泉州市新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)患者中的疗效。方法 收集2022年3月27日—4月10日809例福建医科大学附属泉州第一医院城东院区治愈出院的COVID-19患者的临床资料,比较不同性别、不同年龄COVID-19患者的发病分布特点和临床特征,分析帕昔洛韦组(22例)和对照组(44例)的一般情况,比较帕昔洛韦治疗前、后患者的临床指标。结果 不同性别的COVID-19患者的年龄、住院时间和疾病类型分布比较,差别无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同年龄段患者的疾病分型组成不同(P<0.001);疾病分型的严重程度与住院时间呈正相关(P<0.001)。帕昔洛韦组和对照组患者的年龄、住院时间、疫苗接种剂次、高危因素和发热情况比较,差别均无统计学意义(P>0.05),服药后帕昔洛韦组核酸转阴时间明显缩短(P=0.036)。帕昔洛韦组治疗前、后的白细胞、C-反应蛋白、降钙素原、白细胞介素6、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、血肌酐和D-二聚体等指标比较,差别均无统计学意义(P>0.05),仅淋巴细胞明显升高(P<0.001)。8例患者出现轻微不良反应,无严重不良事件。结论 奥密克戎毒株感染以无症状型、轻型为主,普遍易感,小范围感染死亡率低。帕昔洛韦可能有缩短病程的作用,在我国患者中应用的安全性良好。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Omicron strains and the efficacy of Paxlovid in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients in Quanzhou,Fujian Province.Methods From March 27 to April 10,2022,a total of 809 cases COVID-19 patients were cured and discharged from the Chengdong District of Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University.Compare the distribution and clinical features of COVID-19 patients of different genders and ages.The general situation of Paxlovid treatment group(22 cases)and control group(44 cases)were analyzed,and the clinical features of patients before and after Paxlovid treatment were compared.Results There were no statistical significance in age,length of hospital stay and disease types between male and female COVID-19 patients(P>0.05);the composition of disease types was different in different age groups(P<0.001);the severity of disease types was positively correlated with length of hospital stay(P<0.001).There were no significant differences between the Paxlovid treatment group and the control group in age,hospital stay,vaccine dose,risk factors and fever(P>0.05).After Paxlovid treatment,the time of nucleic acid turning negative was significantly shortened(P=0.036).There was no significant difference in white blood cell,C-reactive protein,procalcitonin,interleukin-6,alanine transaminase,aspartate transaminase,creatinine,D-dimer and other indicators before and after Paxlovid treatment(P>0.05),only lymphocyte was significantly increased(P<0.001).Mild adverse reactions occurred in 8 patients without serious adverse events.Conclusion Omicron strain infection is mainly asymptomatic,mild and generally susceptible,with a low mortality rate for small-scale infection.Paxlovid may shorten the course of disease and has good safety in Chinese COVID-19 patients.