迈克斯韦尔和米勒对媒介的生态批判及其局限

Maxwell and Miller's Ecological Critique of Media and Its Limitations

理查德·迈克斯韦尔和托比·米勒共同对媒介导致的环境问题进行了探索。他们认为,媒介造成了严重却易被忽视的生态危机,即以物质形式出现的媒介产品通过强化消费主义和进步的意识形态,掩盖了其所造成的环境污染与能源消耗。在“新国际分工”的逻辑驱动下,不仅边缘地区的体力劳动者遭到了严重剥削,而且电子垃圾也对第三世界国家的生态环境造成了持续破坏。迈克斯韦尔和米勒拒斥人类中心主义而走向生态中心主义,从生态伦理学维度对媒介系统的生态发展进行了积极构想:“绿色公民”熟悉媒介产品背后的物质生产过程,优先考虑地球以及其他居民,新型会计师则致力于探索全球媒介供应链中的环境和劳动条件。然而,在引入生态伦理学维度时,迈克斯韦尔和米勒对人类中心主义的拒斥直接削弱了他们关于生态之构想实现的可能性。

Richard Maxwell and Toby Miller jointly explored the environmental problems caused by media.They hold that media have caused a serious yet easily overlooked ecological crisis,where media products in material form,through the reinforcement of consumerism and progressive ideology,obscure the environmental pollution and energy consumption they cause.Driven by the logic of“new international division of labor,”not only are physical laborers in peripheral areas severely exploited,but e‐waste also causes sustained environmental damage to third‐world countries.Maxwell and Miller rejected anthropocentrism and turned to ecocentrism,positively envisioning the ecological development of media systems from the perspective of eco‐ethics.“Green citizens”are familiar with the material production process behind media products and prioritize the earth and other inhabitants,while new accountants are committed to exploring the environmental and labor conditions in the global media supply chain.However,when introducing the dimension of eco‐ethics,Maxwell and Miller's rejection of anthropocentrism directly weakened the possibility of their ecological visions being realized.