2016-2021年郑州市学生食源性疾病流行特征

Epidemiological characteristic of foodborne diseases among students in Zhengzhou,2016-2021

目的 分析郑州市学生食源性疾病的流行病学特征,为制定预防和控制学生食源性疾病的措施提供科学依据。方法 采用描述性分析方法分析2016-2021年郑州市学生食源性疾病流行病学特征。结果 2016-2021年郑州市共上报学生食源性疾病病例10 341例,男女比为1.24∶1,时间主要集中在5-10月,暴露食物以肉与肉制品(19.55%)和混合食物(19.33%)为主,可疑进食场所主要是家庭(49.90%);食源性疾病暴发事件9起,涉及病例181例,主要发生在6月和9月,场所主要在小学食堂,原因食物主要为粮食制品,致病因素主要为生物性因素和有毒植物及其毒素。对423例病例进行病原学监测,检出病原体82株,检出率为19.39%,其中沙门氏菌检出率最高,为8.51%。结论 郑州市学生食源性疾病报告整体呈上升趋势,主要进食场所为家庭和学校,要加强对学校食品安全的监管,针对性开展对学校、食堂从业人员和家长的食品安全知识宣教,减少学生食源性疾病的发生。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases among students in Zhengzhou,so as to provide scientific basis for formulating measures to prevent and control foodborne diseases among students.Methods Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases among students in Zhengzhou from 2016 to 2021.Results In 2016-2021,a total of 10341 cases of foodborne diseases among students were reported in Zhengzhou,with a male to female ratio of 1.24:1,and mainly from May to October.The most exposed food was meat and meat products(19.55%)and mixed food(19.33%).The most suspected eating places were families(49.90%).A total of 9 foodborne disease outbreaks involving 181 cases were reported,which mainly occurred in June and September,and in primary school canteens.The main cause of food was grain products,the main pathogenic factors were biological factors,toxic plants and toxins.Of the 423 cases,there were 82 strains of pathogens detected,and the detection rate was 19.39%.The detection rate of Salmonella was the highest(8.51%).Conclusions The overall report of foodborne diseases among students in Zhengzhou is on the rise,and the main eating places related to the diseases are families.It is necessary to strengthen the supervision of school food safety,carry out targeted education of food safety knowledge to school,canteen staff and parents,and reduce the occurrence of foodborne diseases among students.