精神分裂症患者生活质量及其影响因素

Quality of life and its influencing factors in patients with schizophrenia

精神分裂症是一种复杂的慢性精神疾病。随着医学模式的转变,生活质量逐渐成为精神分裂症患者重要的预后指标。精神分裂症患者的生活质量水平低于一般人群和其他慢性病患者,年龄、性别、就业、文化程度、收入、居住情况等社会人口学因素,精神症状、共病躯体疾病、服药依从性、洞察力等临床因素和社会支持、认知、病耻感、自尊和需求等社会心理因素是影响精神分裂症患者生活质量的主要因素,可通过药物和社会技能训练、家庭干预、认知矫正和认知行为治疗等心理干预措施以及社区综合干预来改善其生活质量。探索精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响因素及其改善措施,有助于提高患者生活质量水平。

Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disease.With the change of medical model,quality of life has gradually become an important prognostic indicator for patients with schizophrenia.People with schizophrenia have a lower quality of life than the general population or people with other chronic diseases,Sociodemographic factors such as age,gender,employment,education level,income and living situation;clinical factors such as psychiatric symptoms,medication compliance and insight;and psychosocial factors such as social support,cognition,stigma,self-esteem and needs are the main influencing factors for schizophrenia patients.Medication and psychological interventions such as social skills training,family intervention,cognitive correction and cognitive behavioral therapy can be used to improve the quality of life of patients with schizophrenia.Understanding the factors affecting the quality of life of schizophrenia patients and the improvement measures helps to provide reference for improving their quality of life.