不同投入来源制造业数字化对全球价值链分工地位的影响

The Impact of the Manufacturing Digitalization on the GVC Division Status Based on the Different Input Sources

系统分析制造业数字化影响全球价值链分工地位的理论机制,并利用2000—2019年全球42个经济体制造业面板数据,对提出的理论假设进行验证。结果表明,源自国内的制造业数字化能够显著促进全球价值链分工地位提升,源自国外的制造业数字化会抑制全球价值链分工地位提升;国内数字化投入可以通过效率提升效应促进全球价值链分工地位提升。因此,建议全方位推进数字产业化进程,加大研发力度、突破技术瓶颈和障碍,加强人才尤其是复合型人才的培养;重视产业数字化来源的影响,充分发挥源自国内的数字化对全球价值链分工地位的提升效应,逐步降低产业数字化过程中对国际数字产业资源的依赖,提升产业数字化转型效率。研究结论对中国推进产业数字化转型,实现制造强国目标具有借鉴意义。

After more than four decades of reform and opening-up,China has made remarkable economic achievements and it has moved from high-speed growth to a stage of high-quality development.However as the world's largest manufacturing country,China is the in low end of the global value chain(GVC)division status of manufacturing industry,and its manufacturing industry is"big but not strong".At present,China not only faces the problem of rising labor costs and other constraints,but is also confronted with a series of challenges from the complex international economic situation,such as anti-globalization,technological control and blockade of Western countries,and the rise of emerging economies.Under the background of the rapid spread of new technological revolution and China's long-term and low-end lock in the global value chain,it is of great practical significance to grasp the opportunity of the digital economy for building a modern industrial system,promoting high-quality development and realizing the goal of becoming a manufacturing power.Although many literatures have analyzed the factors affecting the GVC division status,and some have studied the relationship between digital economy and global value chain,few researches are from the perspective of input sources.The"technology-economy"transformation promoted by digital technology can improve the efficiency of social resource allocation and provide new sources for society.Then,in the process of digitalization,does the digitalization from domestic input and foreign input in a national industry have different effects on the promotion of GVC division status?What is the influence mechanism of manufacturing digitalization on the GVC division status?On the basis of the summary of relevant literature at home and abroad,this paper systematically expounds the mechanism of industrial digitalization affecting the GVC division status,and calculates the index of manufacturing digitalization and the GVC division status by using the panel data of 17 manufacturing industries in 42 economies from 2000 to 2019.An econometric model is constructed to empirically test the influence of manufacturing digitalization on the GVC division status.The results show that the improvement of manufacturing digitalization level originating from domestic resources can significantly promote the improvement of the GVC division status,while the improvement of manufacturing digitalization level originating from foreign countries can significantly inhibit the improvement of the GVC division status.Domestic digitalization can improve the GVC division status through the efficiency enhancement effect.Compared with the existing literature,this paper integrates manufacturing digitalization and GVC division status into a unified analytical framework,and analyzes the impact and transmission mechanism of manufacturing digitalization on GVC division status.Thus,with the analysis of different input sources,this paper has overcome the bias of previous studies only looking at the overall results of"digitalization"improvement while ignoring the influence of sources of digitalization input.The research suggests that firstly digital industrialization should be promoted in an all-round way. It is essential tomake more efforts in relevant research and development to break through technical bottlenecks and improve the technicalcapacity of the digital industry;it is also urgent to strengthen talent training to improve the value mining ability of data resources,and increase the support of financial insurance, fiscal and tax policies for the digital industry, so as to better playthe role of domestic digitalization in promoting the GVC division status. Secondly it is critical to attach importance to theinfluence of the source of industrial digitalization, give full play to the enhancement effect of domestic digitalization on theGVC division status, become less dependent on international digital industry resources in the process of industrial digitalization,and improve the efficiency of industrial digitalization transformation. Thirdly the government should effectivelyguide the digital transformation of various industries by unifying data standards, promoting the implementation of the datasecurity law in all industries, establishing a mechanism to protect data security and promoting the formation of a nationaldata circulation, etc. The research conclusion of this paper has reference significance for China to promote industrial digitaltransformation and rise as a manufacturing power.