2001-2020年我国研究生教育发展状况分析

Analysis on the Development of Chinese Graduate Education from 2001 to 2020

为全面总结近20年来我国普通高校研究生教育发展状况,该文根据教育部官网公布的全国教育事业统计数据,对2001-2020年期间我国研究生培养机构数量、在校研究生数量、研究生招生规模等进行统计分析。分析研究表明,我国研究生培养机构总量相对保持稳定增长,20年累计新增99所培养机构,增幅13.6%,其中数量增长最快的是地方教育部门主管高校,增幅达56.9%,降幅最大的是国家部委主管的科研机构,降幅约32.9%;在校研究生规模显著提升,由2001年的39.24万人增至2020年的近313.96万人,增幅超700%;普通高校一直是我国研究生招生培养主体,2020年594所普通高校招收人数占总人数的98.4%(博士)和99.05%(硕士),教育部直属高校是我国博士研究生的招生培养主体,自2007年以后地方教育部门举办机构的年招生规模超过教育部直属高校成为硕士研究生招生培养的主体。民办高校、地方企业科研机构及具有独立法人的中外合作办学机构等其他类型机构积极参与硕士研究生培养工作,研究生教育举办者类型呈现多元化趋势。

In order to fully understand the development of graduate education in universities in China in recent 20 years,this paper makes a statistical analysis on the number of graduate training institutions,the number of graduate students in school and the scale of graduate enrollment in China from 2001 to 2020 according to the national statistical data which published on the official website of the Ministry of education.The analysis and research shows that the total number of graduate training institutions in China has maintained a relatively stable growth,with a cumulative increase of 99 training institutions in 20 years,with an increase of 13.6%.Among them,the fastest growth is the universities in charge of local education departments,with an increase of 56.9%,and the largest decline is the scientific research institutions in charge of national ministries,with a decrease of about 32.9%;the number of graduate students in school has increased significantly,from 392400 in 2001 to nearly 3139600 in 2020,an increase of more than 700%;Universities have always been the main body of postgraduate enrollment and training in China.In 2020,594 ordinary universities accounted for 98.4%(Doctor)and 99.05%(Master).Universities directly under the Ministry of Education are the main body of doctoral enrollment and training in China.Since 2007,the annual enrollment scale of institutions run by local education departments has exceeded that of universities directly under the Ministry of Education and become the main body of postgraduate enrollment and training.Other types of institutions such as private universities,local enterprise scientific research institutions and Chinese foreign cooperatively run schools with independent legal persons actively participate in the cultivation of master's students,and the types of organizers of graduate education show a diversified trend.