西梅膳食纤维提取工艺优化及其通便作用

Optimization of Extraction Process of Prune Dietary Fiber and Its Laxative Effect

目的:探究西梅可溶性膳食纤维(Soluble dietary fiber,SDF)的最优提取工艺及其通便作用。方法:采用酶法提取西梅中的SDF,通过单因素实验和响应面分析优化提取条件,再对西梅SDF进行体内试验,小鼠先灌胃7 d盐酸洛哌丁胺,建立便秘模型,随后分为低、中、高剂量组灌胃西梅SDF 14 d,观察小鼠体重、脏器系数、首粒黑便排出时间、6 h内排便粒数、粪便含水量、小肠推进率、胃排空率及胃肠组织形态学描述等指标。结果:西梅SDF最佳提取条件为:混合酶水浴时间2.9 h,纤维素酶添加量1%,纤维素酶水浴温度41℃,纤维素酶水浴时间3.8 h,此时得率为13.238%±0.07%,SDF含量为85.91%±0.46%。灌胃西梅SDF后,对小鼠体重和脏器系数无显著影响(P>0.05),中、高剂量组可以显著缩短排便时间、增加排便粒数、增加粪便含水量、升高小肠推进率和胃排空率(P<0.05),降低了便秘对小鼠胃肠组织的损伤,显著增加胃肠组织的厚度(P<0.05)。结论:西梅SDF对便秘小鼠具有通便作用,能够不同程度的改善便秘对胃肠屏障损伤,并对胃肠屏障起到一定的保护作用。

Objective:Study the optimal extraction technology and the cathartic mechanism of soluble dietary fibers of prunes.Methods:The enzymatic method was adopted to extract SDF from prunes.Single factor experiment and response surface analysis were performed to optimize extracting conditions,and then in vivo test was conducted with the prune SDF.First of all,7 d loperamide hydrochloride was offered to mice by intragastric administration,a constipation model was built.Prune SDF 14 d was grouped into low dose,medium dose and high dose,and then offered to the mice by intragastric administration.The mice was observed to record following indexes:The weight of the mice,organ coefficients,first black stool excreting time,the number of stool grains excreting in 6 hours,water content in stool,intestinal propulsive rate,gastric emptying rate and the morphological description of gastrointestinal tissue.Results:The optimal conditions for extracting prune SDF were listed as follows:The bath time of mixed prune was 2.9 h.The additive amount of cellulase was 1%.The bath temperature of cellulase was 41℃.The bath time of cellulase was 3.8 h,and the yield was 13.238%±0.07%at the moment,and the SDF content was 85.91%±0.46%.After intragastric administration of prunes,there's no obvious impact made on the weight of mice and organ coefficients(P>0.05).The impact on the medium dose group and the high dose group was obvious:The stool excreting time was reduced.The stool grains and water content in stool were increased.The intestinal propulsive rate and gastric emptying rate were raised(P<0.05).The damage to gastrointestinal tissue of mice due to constipation was reduced.The thickness of gastrointestinal tissue was increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Prune SDF had a function of relaxing bowels for constipation mice,and also could improve the gastrointestinal barrier injury caused by constipation,which played a protective role on the gastrointestinal barrier.