头季稻刈割时间对饲草产量、品质和再生稻产量的影响

Effects of Mowing Time of First Season on Silage Yield,Quality and Ratoon Rice Yield

为研究头季水稻的刈割时间对青贮饲草产量、品质和再生稻产量的影响,以黄华占、渝香203和渝香优8133为材料开展大田试验,设置头季稻倒4叶期、倒2叶期和齐穗期3个刈割时间处理,分析各处理头季稻饲草产量、青贮饲草营养化学和饲用品质及再生季水稻产量表现。结果表明,头季全株青贮饲草产量和干饲草产量随刈割时间推迟呈显著增加趋势,至齐穗期达到最大值,各品种饲草产量由高到低分别为渝香优8133、渝香203、黄华占。推迟刈割时间,黄华占体外干物质消化率显著降低,而渝香203和渝香优8133呈增加趋势,至齐穗期达到51.3%~52.7%。推迟刈割时间,头季饲草粗蛋白含量呈降低趋势,中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量先增加后降低,灰分含量呈增加趋势。再生稻产量表现为倒4叶期刈割处理最高,齐穗期刈割处理最低,各品种产量表现为渝香优8133>渝香203>黄华占。综上所述,如以收获再生稻稻谷为主,头季稻宜在倒4叶期刈割,如以提高饲草—再生稻两季总体效益为目标,头季稻宜在齐穗期刈割。

In order to study the effect of first season rice cutting time on silage forage yield,quality and ratooning rice yield,field experiments were carried out with Huanghuazhan,Yuxiang 203 and Yuxiangyou 8133 as materials.The first season rice was cut at the 4th leaf stage,2nd leaf stage and full heading stage,and the forage yield,silage nutrition chemistry,feed quality and yield performance of the first season rice were analyzed.The results showed that the forage yield of whole plant silage and dry forage yield increased significantly with the delay of cutting time in the first season,and reached the maximum at full heading stage,and the order of varieties from high to low was Yuxiangyou 8133,and Yuxiang 203,and Huang Huazhan.With the postponement of cutting time,the in vitro dry matter digestibility of Huanghuazhan decreased significantly,while Yuxiang 203 and Yuxiangyou 8133 increased to 51.3%-52.7%at full heading stage.With the postpone-ment of cutting time,the crude protein content of forage grass decreased in the first season,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber content increased at first and then decreased,and the ash content increased.The yield of ratooning rice was the highest at the fourth leaf stage and the lowest at the full heading stage,and the order of yield among varieties was Yuxiangyou 8133,and Yuxiang 203,and Huanghuazhan.To sum up,if we mainly harvest ratooning rice,we should cut it at the inverted 4-leaf stage,and if we want to improve the overall benefit of forage-ratooning rice,we should cut it at the full heading stage.