衡阳地区优质中稻品种筛选

Selection of High-quality Medium Rice Varieties in Hengyang Area

为筛选适合衡阳气候条件的优质高产水稻品种,2021年在衡阳县西渡镇梅花村,收集了万丰优818等10个部标优质二级杂交中稻品种和南晶香占等2个部标优质二级以上常规稻品种,进行品种筛选试验。通过调查对比各个品种的生育期、产量及构成,再结合各个品种的米质检测结果和灌浆结实期的日平均温度,得出以下结论:(1)参试的12个优质中稻品种中,晶两优1468、万丰优818、Y两优1577和臻两优5437产量分别为10.50、10.66、10.52、10.55 t/hm^(2);(2)优质中稻产量与有效穗数呈极显著负相关、与结实率呈极显著正相关、与千粒质量呈极显著正相关;(3)晶两优1468、华浙优261、南晶香占、19香4个品种在灌浆期高温条件下米质达到部标优质二级标准;万丰优818、Y两优1577、臻两优5438这3个优质中稻品种米质形成关键期更易受高温影响,主要影响指标为碱消值和垩白粒率。

In order to screen high-quality and high-yield rice varieties suitable for Hengyang climate conditions,10 second-class and above high-quality middle hybrid rice varieties such as Wanfengyou 818 and 2 second-class and above conventional rice varieties such as Nanjingxiangzhan were collected for variety screening tests in 2021,in Meihua Village,Xidu Town,Hengyang County,Hengyang City.By investigating and comparing the growth period,yield and composition of each variety,combined with the rice quality test results of each variety and the daily average temperature during the filling and setting period,the following conclusions were drawn:(1)Among the 12 high-quality middle rice varieties tested,Jingliangyou 1468,Wanfengyou 818,Yliangyou 1577 and Zhenliangyou 5437 had the highest yield,which were 10.50,10.66,10.52,10.55 t/hm^(2) respectively;(2)The yield of high-quality middle rice was significantly negatively correlated with ef-fective panicles,positively correlated with seed setting rate,and positively correlated with 1000 grain weight;(3)The rice quality of Jingliangyou 1468,Huazheyou 261,Nanjingxiangzhan and 19xiang varieties were the second grade standard of high quality in the ministerial standard under high temperature during the filling period;Wanfengyou 818,Yliangyou 1577 and Zhenliangyou 5438,three high-quality middle rice varieties,were more susceptible to high temperature during the critical period of rice quality formation.The main impact indicators were alkali dissipation value and chalk rate.