24个水稻抗稻瘟病单基因系的抗性评价与利用前景分析

Resistance Evaluation and Analysis of Utilization Prospect of 24 Monogenic Rice Lines Carrying Major Blast Resistance Genes

利用抗性基因培育抗病品种是防治稻瘟病最经济、快速、有效的手段。湖南桃江病圃是湖南省及长江中下游稻区水稻区域试验新品种的抗稻瘟病鉴定基地。为明确主要抗稻瘟病基因在该病圃的应用价值,本研究于2020—2021年评价了24个抗稻瘟病单基因品系在湖南桃江病圃的田间抗性。结果表明,含Pi-z^(5)、Pi-1、Pi-7与Pi-ta^(2)等单基因的品系对苗叶瘟均表现中抗水平,含Pi-1、Pi-z^(5)、Pi-ta^(2)、Pi-12(t)与Pi-k^(m)等单基因的品系对穗颈瘟表现抗或中抗。综合来看,Pi-1、Pi-z^(5)、Pi-ta^(2)等单基因对苗叶瘟与穗颈瘟皆表现出较好的田间抗性,可单独或与其它抗性基因聚合应用于抗稻瘟病育种与生产中。研究结果对指导湖南省乃至长江中下游稻区水稻抗稻瘟病品种选育与合理利用均具有重要意义。

Development of resistant varieties by use of resistance genes the most economical,rapid and effective method to control rice blast disease.The blast nursery of Taojiang in Hunan Province was a fixed-point test base for identifying blast resistance of new rice varieties in the regional trial in Hunan Province and the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River.In order to determine the application value of blast resistance genes in Taojiang nursery,field resistance of 24 monogenic lines carrying major resistance genes was evaluated from 2020 to 2021 in this study.The results showed that the monogenic linespossessing Pi-z^(5),Pi-1,Pi7(t)and Pi-ta^(2) genes were moderately resistant to leaf blast,and the monogenic lineshaboring Pi-1,Pi-z^(5),Pi-ta^(2),Pi-12(t)and Pi-k^(m) were resistant or moderately resistant to neck blast.In conclusion,Pi-1,Pi-z^(5) and Pi-ta^(2) showed good field resistance to both leaf and neck blast,and could be used alone or in combination with other resistance genesin rice blast resistance breeding and production.This results were of great significance for development and rational utilization of blast-resistant rice varieties in Hunan Province and even in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.