稻秆与紫云英协同还田对水稻产量和土壤有机碳的影响

Effects of Synergistic Return of Rice Straw and Chinese Milk Vetch on Rice Yield and Soil Organic Carbon

为了阐明有机物料还田的作用和效果,探索合适的秸秆还田方式,为我国农业生态环境的保护和可持续发展提供科学依据,对稻秆和紫云英单独还田和协同还田对水稻产量和土壤有机碳的影响进行了比较分析。结果显示,有机物料与化肥混施不仅能促进土壤微生物分解、提高土壤中碳组分含量,还能为土壤提供新鲜有机物,增加微生物多糖,增强团聚体的稳定性,进而提高水稻产量。稻秆中碳和钾含量丰富、碳氮比值非常高,而紫云英中氮素含量很高、碳氮比值非常低,两者协同还田后能调优碳氮比值的平衡,更有利于作物吸收养分,不仅能提高早稻产量,对晚稻养分的存储也具有一定的后效作用。最后还指出了当前秸秆还田存在的问题,为探索有机物料科学还田方式提供借鉴和参考。

In order to clarify the function and effect of returning organic materials to the field,explore a suitable straw returning method,and provide a scientific basis for protection and sustainable development of agricultural ecological environment,the effects of separate and coordinated returning of rice straw and milk vetch on rice yield and soil organic carbon were compared and analyzed.The results showed that the mixed application of organic materials and chemical fertilizers could not only promote soil microbial decomposition and increase soil carbon content,but also provide fresh organic matter,increase microbial polysaccharides and enhance the stability of aggregates,and then increase rice yield.The content of carbon and potasium in rice straw was rich,and the ratio of C to N was very high,while the content of Nitrogen in milk vetch was very high,and ratio of C to N is very low.After synergic returning to the field,they can promote each other to optimize the balance of C/N ratio,which is more conducive to the nutrient absorption of crops.It can not only improve the yield of early rice,but also have a certain after-effect on the nutrient storage of late rice.At last,it pointed out the existing problems of straw returning to the field,and provided reference for exploring the scientific way of returning organic materials to the field.