煤电+CCUS产业规模化发展政策激励

Policy incentives for the large-scale development of coal power+CCUS industry

碳捕集、利用与封存(CCUS)是实现碳中和目标的重要战略选择。我国能源和电力结构以煤为主,煤电+CCUS技术是实现电力系统深度脱碳、电力灵活稳定供应的重要保障。当前,我国CCUS产业发展存在壁垒高、成本高、政策法规体系建设不健全等问题,缺少鼓励性政策、金融融资渠道困难等限制了煤电CCUS技术的大规模发展。围绕煤电产业低碳转型背景下面临的机遇和挑战,全面分析美国、欧盟、英国、加拿大、澳大利亚等国家和地区CCUS领域政策法规及成功案例,概括各国出台的科技政策对CCUS科技示范及工程项目的资助方案,总结发达国家CCUS政策体系构建方面的成功经验及对我国的启示,制定多项激励政策共发力,采取灵活兜底的价格机制,多举措拓宽投融资渠道,探索恰当合理的商业模式,分析我国CCUS政策体系现状及需求,研究不同激励政策对煤电CCUS改造的影响,从CCUS定位、政策激励、标准规范、审批监管等角度提出煤电CCUS发展的政策建议,为推进CCUS产业发展,实现煤电碳中和目标提供参考。

Carbon capture,utilization and storage(CCUS)is an important strategic choice to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality.China′s energy and power structure is dominated by coal.The coal power+CCUS technology is an important guarantee to achieve deep decarburiza⁃tion of the power system and flexible and stable power supply.At present,the development of China′s CCUS industry has many problems,such as high barriers,high costs,imperfect policies and regulations,lack of incentive policies,and difficulties in financial finan⁃cing channels,which limit the large-scale development of coal power CCUS technology.Focusing on the opportunities and challenges faced by the low carbon transformation of the coal power industry,the policies,regulations and successful cases in the field of CCUS in the United States,the European Union,the United Kingdom and other countries and regions were comprehensively analyzed,the successful experience in the construction of the CCUS policy system in developed countries and its enlightenment to China was summarized,the cur⁃rent situation and needs of China′s CCUS policy system were analyzed,the impact of different incentive policies on the transformation of coal-fired power CCUS was studied,and policy recommendations were proposed for the development of coal-fired power CCUS from the perspectives of CCUS positioning,policy incentives,standard specifications,publicity and guidance,etc.It can provide reference for pro⁃moting the development of CCUS industry and achieving the goal of carbon neutrality of coal power.