准确理解中国居民可支配收入

Understanding Correctly the Concept of Household Disposable Income in China

2013年,国家统计局开展了城乡住户调查一体化改革,对农村住户调查中的农村居民纯收入和城市住户调查中的城镇居民可支配收入指标的定义、口径范围、基本分类和计算方法进行了系统的改造,实现了城乡住户调查居民收入指标的统一性。2016年,国家统计局制定了《中国国民经济核算体系(2016)》,对《中国国民经济核算体系(2002)》进行了系统修订,其中包括资金流量核算中的居民可支配收入在内的统计指标的定义、口径范围和计算方法发生了一系列的变化。本文对修订之后的资金流量核算中的居民可支配收入和一体化改革之后的住户调查中的居民可支配收入的基本概念、收入来源和计算方法进行了详细的阐述,对两者在基本用途、口径范围、资料来源和数据表现等方面的区别进行了深入剖析,以便于读者和用户准确地理解和正确地使用这两套居民可支配收入指标。

In its efforts of integrating urban and rural household surveys in 2013,the National Bureau of Statistics(NBS)modified the definition,coverage,basic classifications and methods of calculation for indicators on the net income of rural households used in the rural household survey,and on the disposable income of urban households used in the urban household survey,so as to ensure the consistency of income indicators in both rural and urban household surveys.In 2016,NBS issued National Economic Accounting System of China 2016 by systematically revising the National Economic Accounting System of China 2002,introducing a series of changes in the definition,coverage and methods of calculation for household disposable income indicators used in the flow-of-funds accounting.This paper presents detailed description on the basic concepts,income sources and calculation methods of household disposable income which are used respectively in the revised flow-of-funds accounting and in the integrated household survey,and an in-depth discussion on the differences in the basic uses,coverage,data sources and data interpretation.Readers and data users can benefit from this paper in accurate understanding and correct use of these two sets of household disposable income indicators.