不同预冷方式结合1-MCP处理对蟠桃冷藏品质的影响

Effects of different precooling methods combined with 1-MCP treatment on cold storage quality of flat peach

针对新疆蟠桃不耐贮藏,贮藏品质差等问题,分别采用蓄冷周转箱、原位压差、冷库直冷式预冷并结合1μL/L 1-MCP对蟠桃果实进行熏蒸及纳米聚乙烯微孔保鲜膜包装的预处理措施,以无预冷及熏蒸处理为CK,通过测定果实腐烂率、硬度、呼吸强度、SSC、MDA、总酚含量、CAT和POD等指标,分析蟠桃在贮藏过程中冷藏品质变化的规律及作用机理。结果表明,1-MCP结合3种预冷方式均可减少蟠桃果实的腐烂率,延缓蟠桃的硬度、总酚、SSC含量的下降速度;推迟呼吸高峰的出现,抑制MDA在果实体内的积累,提高果实的POD、CAT活性,延长果实新鲜品质的保质期。其中以1-MCP结合原位压差预冷处理的效果最优,在贮藏第36 d,处理组果实的腐烂率、呼吸强度和MDA较CK组分别降低33.33%,33.33%,27.78%,硬度、SSC、CAT和POD较CK组分别提高60%,42.86%,60%,66.67%,促进蟠桃的正常后熟,最大限度地保持果实的新鲜品质。研究为蟠桃规模化贮运保鲜提供技术借鉴。

In order to solve the problems of intolerant storage and poor storage quality of Xinjiang flat peach,cold storage container,etc.,by taking the precooling measures such as cold storage turnover box,in situ pressure difference,cold storage direct cooling precooling in combination with 1μL/L 1-MCP fumigation of flat peach fruit and nano polyethylene microporous plastic wrap packaging,and using no precooling and fumigation treatment as CK,the change law and action mechanism of frozen peach quality during storage were analyzed by measuring fruit decay rate,hardness,respiration intensity,SSC and MDA,total phenol content,CAT and POD.The results show that 1-MCP combined with three precooling methods could reduce the rate of decay and slow down the hardness,total phenols and SSC content of peaches;delay the appearance of peak respiration,inhibit the accumulation of MDA in fruits,improve the activities of POD and CAT,and extend the shelf life of fresh fruit quality.Among them,1-MCP combined with in situ differential pressure precooling shows the best effect.On the 36 th day of storage,the decay rate,respiratory intensity and MDA of fruits in treatment group were reduced by 33.33%,33.33%and 27.78%,respectively,compared with CK group,hardness,SSC,CAT and POD were improved by 60%,42.86%,60%and 66.67%,respectively,which facilitate the normal ripening of peaches and maximize the fresh quality of fruit.The study provides a technical reference for preservation of flat peach during mass storage and transportation.