1950—2010年岩溶山区农作物结构演变的时空特征——以广西环江县为例

Spatio-temporal characteristics of crop structure evolution in Karst mountainous areas from 1950 to 2010——The example of Huanjiang County,Guangxi

厘清典型岩溶山区农作物种植结构演化的时空特征,对岩溶区农业结构优化、促进山区产业振兴有十分重要的意义。采用广西环江县1950—2010年农业统计资料,结合ArcGIS技术,利用数理统计分析等方法研究环江县农作物种植结构的时空演变特征及其规律。结果表明:1950—2010年环江县粮食作物的播种面积以每年0.05%的速率持续减少,降幅为3.00%,经济作物的播种面积以每年84.60%的速率增加,增幅为5 076.30%;全县粮食作物、经济作物空间分布的区域差异性显著,北部峰丛洼地区农作物种植比例小、结构类型单一,中部、东南部丘陵区农作物种植比例高、结构类型多样;全县农作物类型丰富度提高,农业格局由稻谷单一型为主导调整为以粮食作物组合型及粮食作物与经济作物组合型共存的格局。

Since the founding of the nation,China's agriculture has developed rapidly.It is of great significance to clarify the spatial and temporal characteristics of the evolution of crop cultivation structure in typical Karst mountainous areas,to optimize the agricultural structure in Karst areas and to promote the revitalization of mountainous industries.The agricultural statistics of Huanjiang County Guangxi from 1950 to 2010,combined with ArcGIS technology,were used to study the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of crop planting structure in Huanjiang County by using mathmetical analysis and other methods.The results show that:The sown area of food crops in Huanjiang County continued to decrease at a rate of 0.05%from 1950 to 2010,with a decrease of 3.00%,and the sown area of cash crops increased at a rate of 84.60%,with an increase of 5076.30%;The regional differences in the spatial distribution of food crops and cash crops in the county are significant.In the north,the proportion of crops cultivated in the peaks and depressions is small and the structure type is single;In the central and southeastern hilly areas,the proportion of crops cultivated is high and the structure type is diverse;The county's crop type richness has increased,and the agricultural pattern has been adjusted from a single type of rice to a pattern in which a combination of food crops and a combination of food crops and cash crops coexist.