农药包装废弃物回收补偿政策:农户偏好及其社会福利分析

The Subsidy Policies for Pesticide Packaging Waste Recycling:Farmers’Preferences and Social Welfare Analysis

基于农户偏好设计和优化多元化农药包装废弃物回收补偿政策是有效激励农户参与回收的关键。利用陕西省4个县8个乡镇1060户农户的调查数据,采用选择实验和随机参数Logit模型分析农户对多元化农药包装废弃物回收补偿政策的偏好,并且评估纳入农户偏好的农药包装废弃物回收补偿政策对社会福利的影响。研究表明:农户愿意接受多元化的农药包装废弃物回收补偿政策,并且偏好补偿方式为补偿现金、更高的额外工时补偿、任意补偿依据、有精神奖励和相关技术指导的多元化补偿政策;不同农户对农药包装废弃物回收补偿政策内容的偏好存在显著差异;年龄越小、受教育年限越长、家庭耕地面积越少、家庭年收入越多、家庭兼业程度越高的农户更偏好于选择参与农药包装废弃物回收补偿政策;实施农户偏好的多元化农药包装废弃物回收补偿政策后,陕西省农户的平均补偿剩余为193.19元/户·年,社会福利整体增加14.8亿元。提出未来农药包装废弃物回收工作可以考虑与农业技术培训项目相结合;尝试多种补偿形式/依据的耦合运用,提高补偿政策的效率和降低执行成本;优先鼓励部分农户参与农药包装废弃物回收,产生一定示范带头作用;参考社会福利评估结果进行农药包装废弃物回收补偿政策制定和优化的成本收益分析。

Designing and optimizing diversified subsidy policies for pesticide packaging waste recycling based on farmers’preferences is the key to effectively motivating farmers to participate in recycling.Based on the survey data of 1060 farmers in 4 counties and 8 towns in Shaanxi Province,this paper uses choice experiment and random parameter Logit model to analyze farmers’preferences for diversified subsidy policies for pesticide packaging waste recycling,and evaluate the impact of subsidy policies that incorporate farmers’preferences on social welfare.The results show that:farmers are willing to accept diversified subsidy policies for pesticide packaging waste recycling,and prefer subsidy policies such as cash compensation,higher additional work hours compensation,diverse compensation criteria,spiritual rewards and related technical guidance.There are significant differences in the preferences of different farmers for the attributes of subsidy policies for pesticide packaging waste recycling.Farmers who are younger,have more education,have less family farmland,have higher family income,and have a higher degree of part-time work are more likely to participate in subsidy policy for pesticide packaging waste recycling.After the implementation of the diversified subsidy policies for pesticide packaging waste recycling incorporates farmers’preferences,the average compensation surplus for farmers in Shaanxi Province is 193.19 yuan/year per household,and the total welfare improvement will be 1.48 billion yuan.Therefore,pesticide packaging waste recycling efforts can be combined with agricultural technology training programs in the future.It is also recommended to try the simultaneous use and organic combination of multiple compensation forms or bases to improve the efficiency of subsidy policies and reduce implementation costs.Priority should be given to encouraging some farmers to participate in pesticide packaging waste recycling,resulting in a certain demonstration effect conducting cost-benefit analyses of pesticide packaging waste recycling compensation policy formulation and optimization based on social welfare evaluation results.