集体建设用地建设租赁住房政策供给路径分析——基于北上广“三力作用模型”的实证研究

Research on Supply Path of Collective Construction Land Con⁃struction Rental Housing Policy——An Empirical Research Based on“Three Forces Action Model”of Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou

基于多源流理论构建“政治势能压力-政策网络推力-群众需求引力”三力作用模型,借助多变量交互作用清晰集定性比较方法,以北京、上海、广州3座超大型城市为案例地,探索集体建设用地建设租赁住房政策供给路径,以期为试点推广提供借鉴经验。结果表明,国家政策、组织领导变动、关联政策、平台搭建、门户网留言、舆情危机六个单因素变量中,国家政策与平台搭建一致性最高;北上广政策供给路径的机制模式不尽相同,北京市集体建设用地建设租赁住房政策供给路径主要推动因素是政治势能的压力作用和群众需求引力作用,上海市是政策网络的推力作用,广州市是政治势能压力作用、政策网络推力作用、群众需求引力作用耦合开启政策之窗;政策供给路径组态中广大群众参与度有待提高。未来应重视政策宣传及相关政策间的衔接呼应,提高政策间互补性,使得整个政策系统达到更好的政策效果。在政策试点推进的过程中,应当充分考量城市禀赋,探索适合于城市特色的政策供给路径组合,推动试点地区政策之窗的高效开启。

Based on the multi-source theory,this paper constructs a three-force action space model of“political potential pressure,policy network thrust and mass demand leverage”and uses qualitative comparison method with multi-variable interactions taking such super big cities as Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou as case studies,to explore the supply path of collective construction land rental housing policy,in order to provide reference experience for pilot promotion.The results show that among the six variables of national policy,organizational leadership change,related policy,platform building,portal messages and public opinion crisis,the consistency between national policy and platform building is the highest.The cities of Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou have different policy supply path mechanisms.The main driving forces for Beijing’s collective construction land rental housing policy supply path are the pressure of political potential energy and the leverage of mass demand,while policy network is the driving force in Shanghai and in Guangzhou the combination of political potential energy pressure,policy network thrust and mass demand leverage has a significant effect.The participation of the masses in the configuration of policy supply paths needs to be improved.In conclusion,we should attach importance to policy publicity and the connection and response of relevant policies,improve the complementarity among policies,so as to achieve better policy effects in the entire policy system.In the future,in the process of promoting the pilot policies,we should fully consider the urban endowment,explore the combination of policy supply paths suitable for urban characteristics,and promote the efficient opening of the policy window in the pilot areas.