现代中国建筑之“脉”的分枝与演进--我国台湾地区“新派”建筑师群体研究

The Branch and Evolution of the Context of Modern Chinese Architecture:The Research of“New camp”Modern Chinese Architects in Taiwan region

1950年代至1960年代中前期,在中国近代建筑发展脉络分支延续与世界现代建筑思潮直接影响下,由内地迁台建筑师及其学生组成的“新派”建筑师群体在我国台湾地区进行了体系化的现代中国建筑理论建构并形成理论流派。这一理论流派直接继承发展了1930年代以来在学院派与官式建筑传统之外探寻现代中国建筑道路的思想新芽,系统呈现了世界现代建筑运动主流思想与中国文化传统全面碰撞融合的理论图景,亦成为中国近代文化思潮之余绪在现代中国建筑理论探索中的映射,具有多重重要历史价值与时代意义。本文将发掘本时段台湾地区“新派”建筑师在中国近代文化思潮余绪与现代建筑社会属性多重交叠下的理论探索,论述其对“复古思潮”的抨击抵抗及其民族主义、自由主义理论内涵,呈现其从“型造人”到“建筑文化自觉”的启蒙主义理论建构演进目标,总结这一群体及其理论建构作为现代中国建筑发展图景重要组成的意义与价值,以期完善中国近现代建筑史相关研究,补充战后中国建筑理论界在世界现代建筑运动进程中的叙事。

In the early 1950s to 1960s,because of the direct influence of the branch connection which belongs to the development of Chinese modern architecture and the ideological trend of World modern architecture,the“new camp”architects and their students in Taiwan region has carried on the systematic construction and form theoretical trends in the modern Chinese architecture.This theoretical school directly inherits and develops the new ideas of exploring the modern Chinese architectural path beyond the academic and official architectural traditions since the 1930s,and systematically presents the theoretical picture of the comprehensive collision and integration of the mainstream ideas of the world modern architectural movement and the Chinese cultural tradition.It also becomes the reflection of the thoughts of modern Chinese cultural trends in the exploration of modern Chinese architectural theories,with multiple important historical values and contemporary significance.This paper will explore the theoretical exploration of the“new camp”architects in Taiwan region in this period under the multiple overlapping of the thoughts of modern Chinese culture and the social attributes of modern architecture,discuss their attack and resistance to the“retro trend of thought”and the theoretical connotation of nationalism and liberalism,and present the evolution goal of their enlightenment theory construction from“creating people by type”to“building cultural consciousness”.This paper summarizes the significance and value of this theoretical school as an important component and thought continuation of modern Chinese architectural theory,with a view to improving the relevant research of modern Chinese architectural history and supplementing the narrative of post-war Chinese architectural theory in the process of world modern architectural movement.