肿瘤微环境在皮肤癌发生发展中的作用及相关治疗研究进展

Research progress in function of tumor microenvironment in skin cancer and therapeutic strategies

目前,皮肤癌发病率高居不下且仍缺乏有效的治疗方案。肿瘤微环境是肿瘤发生发展的局部环境,由肿瘤相关成纤维细胞、肿瘤相关脂肪细胞、免疫细胞、内皮细胞和神经元等细胞成分及细胞外基质等非细胞成分组成,具有低氧、酸性和免疫抑制等特点,影响皮肤癌进展,并对维持皮肤癌异质性和耐药性起重要作用。靶向肿瘤微环境是对抗耐药性和降低皮肤癌死亡率的有效途径。本综述主要介绍肿瘤微环境中细胞外基质、相关基质细胞及低氧和酸性环境对皮肤癌进展的影响,讨论靶向肿瘤微环境的途径和方法,为皮肤癌治疗提供新思路。

The incidence of skin cancer remains high,but lacks effective solutions.The tumor micro⁃environment refers to the local environment associated with tumorigenesis and progression,composed of cellular components such as cancer-associated fibroblasts,cancer⁃associated adipocytes,immune cells,endothelial cells,neurons,and non-cellular components such as extracellular matrix,and charac⁃terized by hypoxia,acidity and immunosuppression.The microenvironment influences the progression of skin cancer and plays an important role in maintaining skin cancer heterogeneity and drug resis⁃tance.Targeting tumor microenvironment is an effective means to overcome drug resistance and reduce mortality.This article introduces the impact of extracellular matrix,associated stromal cells,hypoxia,and acidity in the tumor microenvironment on skin cancer progression and outlines the strategies used to target the tumor microenvironment in the hopes of offering new ideas for skin cancer treatment.