餐厨垃圾发酵液与传统有机酸对土壤重金属淋洗效果的比较

Comparison of Leaching Effect of Kitchen Waste Fermentation Broth and Traditional Organic Acids on Soil Heavy Metals

本文探究了餐厨垃圾的最佳发酵条件,并与常用的几种有机酸对土壤中三种重金属(Cu、Zn、Ni)的淋洗效果进行了比对。在餐厨垃圾浆液中加入10%酵母和醋酸的混合菌种后,产酸量明显增多,在同等发酵时间下是空白发酵液的3~4倍;通过批淋洗实验,确定了1 mol/L的草酸溶液为理想有机酸淋洗剂,并与餐厨垃圾发酵液进行柱淋洗效果比对,发现发酵14天的餐厨垃圾发酵液液对重金属的去除率明显更有优势,在淋洗360 min后对Cu、Zn、Ni三种金属的去除率分别达到72.13%、68.12%、68.03%。

The optimal fermentation conditions for kitchen waste were investigated,and the leaching effect on three heavy metals(Cu,Zn,Ni)in soil was compared with several common organic acids.After adding mixed strains of 10%yeast and acetic acid into the kitchen waste slurry,the acid production increased significantly,which was 3~4 times higher than that of the blank fermentation broth under the same fermentation time.Through batch leaching test,1 mol/L oxalic acid solution was determined as the ideal organic acid leaching agent.Compared with the column leaching effect of the fermentation broth of kitchen waste,it was found that the removal rate of heavy metals from the fermentation broth of kitchen waste fermented for 14 d was significantly higher,and the removal rates of Cu,Zn and Ni reached 72.13%,68.12%and 68.03%,respectively,after leaching for 360 min.