我国铝矾土尾矿资源化利用研究进展

Research Progress on Resource Utilization of Bauxite Tailings in China

为解决铝矾土矿资源开发必须面对的潜在环境和安全问题,在简介了我国铝矾土资源概况、铝矾土尾矿主要来源及特性的基础上,着重介绍了制备多孔陶瓷和高性能陶瓷、提取有价金属、制备透水砖及水泥和水泥混合材等建材化利用、制备聚合氯化铝净水剂和重金属离子吸附剂等污水处理、制备吸水材料、制备PVC塑料填料等方面的资源化利用研发情况,同时指出这些利用途径也是铝矾土尾矿资源化利用的主要方向,且具有广阔的前景,并建议在进行资源化利用时遵循高值化、零排放、就近利用等原则,最后指出了铝矾土尾矿资源化利用的重要现实意义。

In order to solve the potential environmental and safety problems that must be faced in the exploitation of bauxite ore resources,On the basis of brief introduction of Chinese bauxite resources,main sources and characteristics of bauxite tailings,this paper emphatically introduced the research and develop ment status about resource utilization in preparation of porous ceramics and high performance ceramics,ex traction of valuable metals,preparation of permeable brick,cement and cement mixture materials,prepara tion of wastewater treatment materials such as polyaluminum chloride water purifier and heavy metal ion ad sorbent,preparation of absorbent materials,preparation of PVC plastic filler,etc.At the same time,it is pointed out that these utilization ways are also the main direction of the resource utilization of bauxite tail ings,and have a broad prospect.It is suggested to follow the principles of high value utilization,zero dis charge and nearby utilization in the resource utilization.Finally,it points out the important practical signifi cance of the resource utilization of bauxite tailings.