“要康德,还是要黑格尔”问题系统考察--缘起、实质与跨越

A Systematic Investigation into the Question of“What We Need,Kant or Hegel”--Origin,Substance and Bridging

国内学术界自20世纪80年代以来,就一直争论着“要康德,还是要黑格尔”,这个问题发展到今天大致经历了三个阶段和两个方向。从早期的要康德不要黑格尔,到后来的既要康德也要黑格尔以及既不要康德也不要黑格尔,到如今的马克思思想的近康德阐释和近黑格尔阐释的对立。这些观点基本上把问题建立在康德哲学和黑格尔哲学的对立上,其实质就是对立康德和黑格尔。然而,这并不符合康德与黑格尔哲学本身,并且,这可能会掩盖问题本身。本文认为要克服这种对立的态势,需要回到争论问题的原点,即黑格尔对康德的批判上。康德与黑格尔的对立最初就是黑格尔亲自造就的,康德哲学的形式主义、主观主义和二元论的标签正是黑格尔塑造的。但是,把这种标签理解为对立模式显然既不符合康德的哲学,也不符合黑格尔的意图。

Since the 1980s,domestic academic circles have been debating on the question of“what do we need,Kant or Hegel”,which has roughly gone through three stages and two directions until today.That is,from the first“needing Kant,not Hegel”,to the second“needing both Kant and Hegel”and“needing neither Kant nor Hegel”,to the near-Kantian andnear-Hegelian interpretations on Marx's thoughts today.These ideas essentially build the problem on the opposition between Kant and Hegel,and the essence is to oppose Kant and Hegel.However,this does not comply with Kant and Hegel's philosophy itself,and this may obscure the problem itself.This paper believes that to overcome this situation of opposition needs to return to the origin of the debate,namely Hegel's criticism against Kant.The opposition between Kant and Hegel was originally created by Hegel himself,not Kant,and Hegel formed the label of the formalism,subjectivism,and dualism of Kant's philosophy.However,the understanding of this label as an opposing model clearly fits neither with Kant's philosophy nor Hegel's intentions.