美国对华竞争加剧背景下中亚国家外交政策的新变化

Adjusting Foreign Policies in Central Asia amid U.S.-China Rivalry

当前,世界进入动荡变革期,大国在中亚地区的博弈再度趋于激烈和复杂。为进一步遏制中国崛起,美国在中亚地区围绕基础设施、制度、安全和理念与中国展开综合竞争。为应对新形势,中亚国家的外交政策出现了新的动向。一方面,中亚各国在坚持平衡外交政策的前提下借助中、俄力量应对各类挑战,并根据不同议题选择相应的合作伙伴。另一方面,中亚国家通过选择性利用民族主义情绪强化国家认同,同时抱团取暖,强化彼此的团结,使中亚地区合作取得进展。为有效维护在中亚地区的利益,同时因应中亚国家可能进行的政策调整,中国在该地区需处理好与中亚国家、俄罗斯、美国等行为体的关系,尤其需要推动中国与中亚国家共建“一带一路”走深、走实,取得更大成效,争取使中亚成为中国应对美国等一些西方国家压力的战略支撑区。

The competition between major powers in Central Asia is intensifying and becoming more complex.The United States is engaging in comprehensive competition with China in Central Asia across infrastructure,institutions,security,and concepts to contain China's rise.As a result,there are new trends in foreign policies of Central Asian countries.To effectively safeguard interests in Central Asia and respond to potential policy adjustments,China must handle relations with Central Asian countries,Russia,the United States,and other regional actors.It is particularly important to promote the deepening and implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative and to build Central Asia into a strategic support zone in response to pressure from the United States and the West.