治理现代化视角下的住房灾害损失补偿制度改革研究

Research on the Reform of Housing Disaster Loss Compensation System from the Perspective of Governance Modernization

住房灾害损失补偿制度是满足受灾群众需求、保障和改善民生的重要制度安排。党的十八大以来,我国住房灾害损失补偿制度基本形成了政府救助和市场保险两条腿走路的体系,但仍然存在制度统筹协调不够、制度化水平不高、制度公平性和有效性不足、巨灾损失补偿制度安排不足等问题,根源在于灾害治理现代化需求与现实灾害管理制度供给的矛盾。面对“十四五”时期治理现代化要求,要坚持底线思维和系统观念,不断完善政府损失补偿制度、重塑市场损失补偿制度、增强科技支撑能力、提高基础建设水平,推进适应中国式现代化进程的住房灾害损失补偿制度建设。

The compensation system for residential disaster losses is an important institutional arrangement to meet the needs of the affected population,ensure and improve people's livelihoods.Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC,the compensation system for housing disaster losses in China has basically formed a“two-legged”system of government assistance and market insurance.However,there are still problems such as insufficient coordination and institutionalization of the system,excessive discretion,insufficient fairness and effectiveness of the system,and insufficient arrangement of the compensation system for catastrophic losses.The root cause lies in the contradiction between the modern demand for disaster management and the supply of practical disaster management systems.In the face of the requirements of governance modernization of the 14th Five Year Plan,we should approach our work with worst-case scenarios and systems thinking in mind.We also need to constantly improve the government compensation system for losses,reshape the market compensation system for losses,enhance the scientific and technological support ability,and improve the level of infrastructure construction,so as to promote the construction of the housing disaster loss compensation system adapted to Chinese path to modernization.