异质偏好、异质企业家与多产业空间经济发展

Heterogeneous Preference,Heterogeneous Entrepreneurs and Spatial Development of a Multi-industry Economy

传统新经济地理学基于单个报酬递增产业展开的研究难以解释产业集聚与空间分工的多样性和不完全性。本文通过建立异质偏好、异质企业家条件下的空间垄断竞争模型研究多产业集聚和多产业空间分工的动力学特征与规律,结果表明:产业集聚与空间分工演进的根本动力是动态连续的空间Dixit-Stiglitz折中,多产业空间集聚演进表现为一个产业非连续“灾变”之后其他产业连续变化继起的进程,“灾变式”产业转移受正反馈机制支配,连续渐进的产业转移受负反馈机制支配,空间分工演进表现为核心地区陆续迎来新的产业完全集聚,周边地区则经历一个渐进的去产业过程;历史、制度和政策可以在任何时点嵌入连续渐进的演进过程。

Focusing on the interaction among heterogeneous preference of consumers,scale economy in production of different industries and trade cost,this article shows that the fundamental micro mechanisms driving industrial agglomeration,regional specialization and spatial division of labor lie in the constant spatial Dixit-Stiglitz(DS)tradeoff over diversified consumption and scale economy in production when resource scarcity changes.The logic of spatial DS tradeoff can be summarized as“Smith's Theorem of Spatial Division of Labor”:Cross-space division of labor in the production of differentiated products is limited by the extent of the market.Spatial agglomeration of multi industries commands a process characterized by discontinuous change(catastrophe)followed by continuous ones.