粮食安全视角下的农业水资源风险及其治理重点

Agricultural Water Resources Risks and Governance Priorities from the Perspective of Food Security

农业水资源风险治理中的局部风险管理思维,不能有效防范化解农业水资源风险。其治理难点表现为:食物消费升级引发的回弹效应使得农业水资源生态风险扩大,小农户利益未得到充分保护导致农业水价综合改革迟滞,地下水污染仍然严重且防治困难,特别是过于依赖农业用水效率提高而催生了农业水资源系统性风险。由此提出以风险耦合思维灵活调整农业水资源管理目标和工具,强化控制灌溉水回弹效应的经济激励、建立农业水价多元化形成机制、推进地下水污染治理与保护工程等政策建议。

Local management thinking cannot effectively prevent and tackle risks in agricultural water resources management.The governance challenges are:the expanding agricultural water risks caused by the rebound effect triggered by food consumption upgrading;the delayed reform of comprehensive agricultural water pricing and interests of small farmers are not well protected;the difficulties in preventing and controlling underground water pollution;and above all,the systematic risk caused by over-reliance on the increase of agricultural water efficiency.Therefore,this paper puts forward policy suggestions—risk-coupled thinking—to flexibly adjust the agricultural water resources management tools and aims,to control forcefully the rebound effect of irrigation water by means of economic incentives,to set up diversified water pricing mechanism and to push underground water protection and processing.