不同面罩通气模式对小儿麻醉诱导期间气道峰压和胃进气的影响分析

Effect analysis of different mask ventilation modes on peak airway pressure and gastric insufflation during anesthesia induction in children

目的分析不同面罩通气模式对小儿麻醉诱导期间气道峰压和胃进气的影响。方法100例小儿麻醉患儿,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组给予手动控制通气,观察组给予压力控制容量保证通气。比较两组患儿呼吸参数(平均气道压、气道峰压和呼吸频率)、胃窦区面积以及胃进气、恶心呕吐、反流误吸发生情况。结果麻醉时及麻醉后,观察组患儿平均气道压、气道峰压均低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);麻醉时,两组患儿呼吸频率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);麻醉后,观察组患儿呼吸频率高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患儿胃窦区面积(2.00±0.68)cm^(2)小于对照组的(2.46±0.79)cm^(2),胃进气发生率2.00%低于对照组的14.00%,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组恶心呕吐发生率4.00%、反流误吸发生率2.00%均低于对照组的16.00%、14.00%,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论给予小儿麻醉患儿压力控制容量保证通气能够获取到良好的麻醉效果,保持患儿较低气道峰压,降低胃进气等不良反应发生率,具有推广价值。

Objective To analyze the effect of different mask ventilation modes on peak airway pressure and gastric insufflation during anesthesia induction in children.Methods A total of 100 children with anesthesia were randomly divided into control group and observation group,with 50 cases in each group.The control group was given manual control ventilation,and the observation group was given pressure control volume to ensure ventilation.The respiratory parameters(mean airway pressure,peak airway pressure and respiratory rate),area of gastric antrum,and occurrence of gastric insufflation,nausea and vomiting,and reflux aspiration were compared between the two groups.Results During and after anesthesia,the mean airway pressure and peak airway pressure in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).During anesthesia,there was no statistically significant difference in respiratory rate between the two groups(P>0.05).After anesthesia,the respiratory rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The area of gastric antrum of(2.00±0.68)cm^(2) in the observation group was smaller than that of(2.46±0.79)cm^(2) in the control group,and the incidence of gastric insufflation of 2.00%was lower than that of 14.00%in the control group.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of nausea and vomiting and reflux aspiration in the observation group were 4.00%and 2.00%,which were lower than those of 16.00%and 14.00%in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Pressure control volume can ensure good anesthesia effect,keep lower peak airway pressure and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions such as gastric insufflation in children under anesthesia,which has promotion value.