电子竞技执裁公正的法理界说与制度建构

Jurisprudential Analysis and Institutional Construction of E-Sports Officiating Fairness

为塑造并保障优良的电子竞技系列赛事环境,电竞执裁公正的校正机制应从赛事规则、裁判员制度和申诉制度入手,覆盖事前、事中和事后3个时间节点,依托“规则—主体—程序”三重法理支撑,形成严整且立体的三维制度体系。其中:赛事规则的周延化通过细化执裁依据应对比赛中出现的更多特殊情形,而遵从先例、裁量基准能够缩减执裁的任意性;裁判员制度的类型化通过选拔、培训、考察、回避、惩戒等规则应对执裁能力和道德素养问题;申诉制度的实效化则是在裁判员/主办方主动回应争议的基础上,为遭受不公正对待的参赛方提供伸张异议的救济途径。

In order to guarantee a good environment for e-sports competitions,a corrective mechanism for the officiating fairness should be concerned with the competition rules,referee system and appeal system,involving 3 time points of"before-during-after"a competition,based on the"rule-subject-procedure"triple jurisprudence.In such way a rigorous and solid three-dimensional system can be formed.By refining the bases of officiating,the extension of the competition rules can deal with special circumstances which arise during a competition,while the compliance with precedents and benchmarks can reduce the arbitrariness of officiating.Through selection,training,inspection,recusal and discipline,the typology of referee system could cope with issues concerning officiating ability and moral quality.The effectiveness of the appeal system,on the other hand,is for appeal and relief of competitors,based on the initiative of the referee/organiser,to guarantee that disputes can be solved impartially.