微小切口进路坚固内固定术与传统颌间结扎内固定术治疗口腔颌面部骨折患者的效果比较

Comparison of effects of mini-incision rigid internal fixation and traditional intermaxillary ligation and internal fixation in treatment of patients with oral and maxillofacial fractures

目的:比较微小切口进路坚固内固定术与传统颌间结扎内固定术治疗口腔颌面部骨折患者的效果。方法:选取2019年1月至2022年2月该院收治的68例口腔颌面部骨折患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组和研究组各34例。对照组采用传统颌间结扎内固定术治疗,研究组采用微小切口坚固内固定术治疗。比较两组临床疗效、围术期指标(住院时间、手术时间、张口度、骨折愈合时间)水平、手术前后上齿槽座夹角(SNA角)和下齿槽座夹角(SNB角),以及并发症发生率。结果:研究组治疗总有效率为94.12%(32/34),高于对照组的76.47%(26/34),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组住院时间、骨折愈合时间和手术时间均短于对照组,张口度大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后,研究组SNA角和SNB角均大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:微小切口进路坚固内固定术治疗口腔颌面部骨折患者可提高治疗总有效率,增大张口度,恢复颌面结构,缩短住院时间、骨折愈合时间和手术时间,效果优于传统颌间结扎内固定术治疗。

Objective:To compare effects of mini-incision rigid internal fixation and traditional intermaxillary ligation and internal fixation in treatment of patients with oral and maxillofacial fractures.Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 68 patients with oral and maxillofacial fractures admitted to the hospital from January 2019 to February 2022.They were divided into control group and study group by using the random number table method,34 patients in each group.The control group was treated with traditional intermaxillary ligation and internal fixation,while the study group was treated with mini-incision and rigid internal fixation.The clinical efficacy,the perioperative indicator levels(hospitalization time,operation time,opening degree,fracture healing time),the Sella-nasion-A point angle(SNA angle)and the Sella-nasion-B point angle(SNB angle)levels before and after the surgery,and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate of treatment in the study group was 94.12%(32/34),which was higher than 76.47%(26/34)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The hospitalization time,the fracture healing time and the operation time of the study group were shorter than those of the control group,the opening degree was higher than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After the surgery,the SNA angle and SNB angle of the study group were larger than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions:Miniincision approach rigid internal fixation in the treatment of the patients with oral and maxillofacial fractures can improve the total effective rate,the opening degree,the SNA angle and the SNB angle,and shorten the hospitalization time,the fracture healing time and the operation time.Moreover,it is superior to traditional intermaxillary ligation and internal fixation.