对恩格斯《英国工人阶级状况》中城市空间思想的思考

Study on the Orientation of Engels'Urban Space Research in The Condition of the Working-Class in England

恩格斯在《英国工人阶级状况》中所强调的“根据亲身观察和可靠材料”的研究方法与其哲学观念上的转变相一致,他开启了对社会问题进行理论探讨与实际研究相结合的研究路径。他以生产方式为切入点,考察生产方式对城市空间的影响,又反过来将城市空间作为剖析资本主义社会生产方式的重要视角。恩格斯对资本主义城市空间的批判固然具有人道主义色彩,但对真实的城市空间及生活于其中的人的观察和研究使其超越了抽象的人道主义、一般意义的道德批判和社会批判,通向了历史唯物主义。

Engels'method from personal observation and authentic sources in The Condition of the Working-Class in England was consistent with the change in his philosophy,opening the research path of combining theoretical discussion and practical research on social issues.From the perspective of sociology is difficult to grasp his whole picture and essence of urban space research.He took the production mode as the entry point to analyze the influence of production mode on the urban space,and in turn took urban space as an important perspective to analyze the production mode of capitalist society His criticism of urban space of capitalist society was indeed humanitarian,but the observation and research of the real urban space and the people living in it made him transcend the abstract humanitarianism,general moral criticism and social criticism,and thus lead to historical materialism.