中国式现代化理论是马克思主义的创新发展——党的二十大精神学习中的思考

The Theory of Chinese Path to Modernization as a Result of Innovative Development of Marxism:Thoughts from Studying the Spirit of the 20th CPC National Congress

党的二十大报告系统论述了中国式现代化理论,这是马克思主义中国化时代化的重大创新发展。中国的现代化实践是马克思主义现代化理论创新发展的最重要依据。它的理论内涵包括:中国式现代化与社会主义道路结合的必然性、建立社会主义制度基础与中国工业化实践结合的客观规律性。在社会主义初级阶段,建设小康社会,改革不适应生产力发展的生产关系,建立社会主义初级阶段基本经济制度,对外开放,是走向现代化的必由之路。中国式现代化对时代之问世界之问的答案是:不存在单一的现代化模式,现代化不是生产总值崇拜,它具有的多面性,决定了现代化文明的多样性和人类命运共同体的必然性;它要求坚强的政治核心领导并实行独立自主、自力更生的方针;它要求驾驭和利用资本;中国和非西方国家实现现代化必然壮大维护世界和平的力量。

Modernization refers to the transformation process of human society from a traditional agriculture society to a modern industrial society,which is a comprehensive social change with industrialization as the core.Modernization originated from western capitalist society had shown the highly developed industrialized society to other countries.As a result,Western modern sociologists argued that western civilization is the most advanced human culture.With the worldwide expansion of penetration of capitalism,it was strongly believed that non-western countries must be westernized.Especially,after the US becoming the center and leader of western capitalism,western society was full of novelty and admiration for the US.The book The Rise of the West written by McNeill became the symbol of the‘American century'.In this context,some western modernization theorists suggested that the concept of modernization is mainly an American concept.Their theory of modernization is full of the values of western centralism,and they have been preaching there is only one mode of modernization,namely the modernization of capitalism.Therefore,one of purposes of their theory is to induce non-western countries to learn from them and imitate them by preaching modernization theories,which in order to bring non-western countries into the capitalist world.The report of the 20th National Congress of CPC systematically discussed the theory of Chinese path to modernization,which is the major innovative development of the adaption of Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of times.Marxist classic writers have initially established a scientific theory of modernization,which distinguished from the western bourgeoisie's theory of modernization and left room for later innovation and development of modernization.This world view of the theory is historical materialism,and its basic characteristics are open and developing,rather than closed and stagnant.Just as Engels said:Marx's whole world outlook is not a doctrine,but a method.It does not provide ready-made dogmas,but the starting point for further research and methods for such research.Chinese path to modernization is the result of combination of the basic principles of Marxism with China's national conditions.Mao Zedong led the Chinese people to establish the new China,which provided the political premise and institutional basis for Chinese path to modernization.The connotation of modernization in the initial stage of the new China involved the necessity of the combination of Chinese path to modernization and the socialist road,and the objective regularity of the combination of the establishment of the foundation of the socialist system and the practice of China's industrialization.After the reform and opening up,Deng Xiaoping put forward the concept of Chinese path to modernization for the first time.In this stage of development,the theory of Chinese path to modernization solved the relationship between the primary stage of socialism and the establishment of a moderately prosperous society,between the primary stage of socialism and reforming relations of production that do not adapt to the development of productivity growth,established the basic economic system in the primary stage of socialism and stressed that the opening up is the only path to modernization.Since the 18th National Congress of CPC,the theory of Chinese path modernization has been further enriched and developed.It includes the Five-sphere Integrated Plan referring to China's overall plan for building socialism with Chinese characteristics,the Four-pronged Comprehensive Strategy referring to China's strategic plan for building socialism with Chinese characteristics,the establishment of a systematic socialism with Chinese characteristics,setting up the people centered development thought.What's more,the historical destination of Chinese path to modernization is the new form of human civilization.When confronting the questions posed by the times and the world,the answer of the theory emphasizes there is no one size for all modernization model.The Chinese path to modernization has both features of modernization in all countries and the Chinese characteristics based on its own conditions.Modernization is not the worship of GDP but multifaceted,which determines the diversity of modern civilization and the inevitability of a community with a shared future for mankind.It requires strong political core leadership and the principle of independence of self-reliance.The CPC is the core leadership of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics and following our own cause is the historical conclusion drawn from the centenary struggle of the CPC.It requires to control and make full use of capital.On the one hand,the capital has a civilized aspect including the promotion of productivity development,good for the development of social relations,and good for the creation of various elements conductive to higher and new forms.On the other hand,the capital has the tendency to expand disorderly,which damages to the interests of the public.The Chinese path to modernization is a peaceful modernization,and the realization of China's and other non-western countries are bound to become a powerful peace force for safeguarding world peace.